More Astonishing Bible Proof - (Warning -Athiests- This Is Adult Sensitive Material)?

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Doppleganger

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Jeremiah 1:10 See, I have this day set thee over the nations and over the kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy, and to throw down, to build, and to plant.

Jeremiah 31:23-34
Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; As yet they shall use this speech in the land of Judah and in the cities thereof, when I shall bring again their captivity; The LORD bless thee, O habitation of justice, and mountain of holiness.
And there shall dwell in Judah itself, and in all the cities thereof together, husbandmen, and they that go forth with flocks.
For I have satiated the weary soul, and I have replenished every sorrowful soul.
Upon this I awaked, and beheld; and my sleep was sweet unto me.

Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah with the seed of man, and with the seed of beast.

And it shall come to pass, that like as I have watched over them, to pluck up, and to break down, and to throw down, and to destroy, and to afflict; so will I watch over them, to build, and to plant, saith the LORD.
In those days they shall say no more, The fathers have eaten a sour grape, and the children's teeth are set on edge.
But every one shall die for his own iniquity: every man that eateth the sour grape, his teeth shall be set on edge.
Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah:
Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD: {although...: or, should I have continued an husband unto them?}
But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people.
And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.

http://jacksonsnyder...cy/Part%204.htm
A great eagle came to Lebanon and took the highest branch of the cedar. This is explained to represent King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon who came to Jerusalem and took captive the king of Judah. The cropping off of the cedar's young twigs and carrying them to a land of traffic is explained to picture the captivity of the king's sons. "He took also of the seed of the land" means Nebuchadnezzar took also of the people, and the mighty of the land of Judah. He "set it as a willow tree. And it grew, and became a spreading vine of low stature," means the Jews were given a covenant whereby, although they were ruled over by the Chaldeans, they might live in peace and grow. The other "great eagle" is explained to represent Pharaoh of Egypt. Thus, the riddle covers the FIRST half of Jeremiah's commission.

Now notice what is revealed concerning the SECOND part -- the PLANTING of David's throne! It comes in the parable, Ezekiel 17: 22-24. "Thus saith Yahweh Elohim; I will also take of the highest branch of the high cedar." From Elohim's own explanation we have learned that the cedar tree represents the nation of Judah; its highest branch is Judah's king.

http://www.eternalth...m/overturns.htm
The Three Overturns of the Throne And the Movie "Braveheart"

There is a misunderstood passage in Ezekiel 21:26-27 regarding the so-called "fall" of the throne of King David. Thus saith the Lord God; remove the diadem, and take off the crown: this shall not be the same: exalt him that is low, and abase him that is high. I will overturn, overturn, overturn it: and it shall be no more, until he come whose right it is; and I will give it him. "That’s nice, but what does that have to do with the movie Braveheart?" ... However, the historical setting is related to Ezekiel 21. Most new Bible translators incorrectly translate the word "overturn" as "ruin". In its more exact meaning, the Hebrew word really means "overthrow" which I suppose has a more violent connotation than "overturn" although they are basically synonyms.

Jeremiah was amongst the captives when the captain of the guard said to him (chapter 40:2) The Lord God hath pronounced this evil upon this place (v3) Now the Lord hath brought it, and done according as he hath said: because ye have sinned against the Lord, and have not obeyed his voice, therefore this thing is come upon you. (v4) And now, behold, I loose thee this day from the chains which were upon thine hand. If it seem good unto thee to come with me into Babylon, come; and I will look well unto thee: but if it seem ill unto thee to come with me into Babylon, forbear: behold, all the land is before thee: whither it seemeth good and convenient for thee to go, thither go. Jeremiah was freed and given permission to go wherever he wanted. From the start, any insightful reader of the Bible would see that God had something yet for Jeremiah to do (as opposed to getting dragged down to Egypt later and just dying there). Jeremiah returned to Gedaliah, the appointed governor of the land over the remaining people.

If we look at chapter 41, we see in verse 10 something interesting about these captives. Remember, these were people left behind when the Babylonians took their captives. Here comes a rebel who assassinates the appointed governor, some countrymen and Chaldean warriors and wants to make off to a supposed refuge with the remaining people. Let’s read verse 10: Then Ishmael carried away captive all the residue of the people that were in Mizpah, even the king’s daughters… The king referenced here was the king who just got taken captive, King Zedekiah. He was the rightful king just before the governor was appointed. His sons were slain if you remember, but here this passage clearly says his daughters were alive and present with these captives. Johanan rescued them and Ishmael took off. However, although they were rescued, they were all afraid of what the king of Babylon would do to them. In chapter 42, they essentially asked Jeremiah what they should do (they were afraid of the king of Babylon). They expected Jeremiah to prophesy a certain way because of their final reaction. They said in verse 6 We will obey the voice of the Lord our God. OK--- after 10 days God gave Jeremiah the answer (v10) If ye will still abide in this land, then will I build you, and not pull you down, and I will plant you, and not pluck you up: for I repent of the evil that I have done to you.

The Zarah lineage would be elevated through the descendents of King David. I Chronicles 2:6 says that the sons of Zarah were Zimri, Ethan, Herman, Calcol and Darda. What many people do not realize is that as soon as the "scepter promise" was given to the lineage of Judah (in Genesis 49:10), the descendents of Judah ruled over the people even in Egypt. This was until a pre-exodus of the people of Zarah before the rest of the Israelites left under Moses. Where did these Zarahite people go? Secular historical documents reveal that the so-called "Egyptian" Dardanus was none other than Darda of I Chronicles 2:6. And Dardanus in turn was the founder of ancient Troy. Historical references claim that the Egyptians expelled some of their aliens because of various calamities (or plagues?) and these Zarahites would have been amongst those who left Egypt. Dardanus’ descendents led his people in Troy until the famous siege of Troy. Aeneas was the last royal of Troy then migrated with his remnants to Italy where he married the daughter of Latinus, the famous king of the Latins (and founded the Roman Empire). Aeneas’ son Brutus then migrated to Malta with many Trojans and from there to where modern day Britain is located.
 

Doppleganger

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http://www.dailymail...te-75-life.html
Read more: http://www.dailymail...l#ixzz1FqZBjiPt
On the brink: Sixth mass extinction 'that will eradicate 75% of life on Earth is drawing closer'
By DAILY MAIL REPORTER - Last updated at 3:24 PM on 3rd March 2011

Earth may be on the brink of a sixth mass extinction on the scale of the apocalyptic event that wiped out the dinosaurs, a study claims.
The researchers say that unless action is taken now to reverse the harmful effects of human activity on eco-systems, a full-blown mass extinction could occur within a few centuries. Recovery from such an event, which could eradicate more than three-quarters of all life on Earth, may then take millions of years.

Richard Lane, programme director at the U.S. National Science Foundation's Division of Earth Sciences, which funded the study, said: 'The modern global mass extinction is a largely unaddressed hazard of climate change and human activities.'Its continued progression, as this paper shows, could result in unforeseen - and irreversible - negative consequences to the environment and to humanity.'

http://news.yahoo.co...enceofalienlife
NASA scientist finds evidence of alien life - That astonishingly awesome claim comes from ...
Dr. Richard B. Hoover, an astrobiologist at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, who says he has found conclusive evidence of alien life — fossils of bacteria found in an extremely rare class of meteorite called CI1 carbonaceous chondrites. (There are only nine such meteorites on planet Earth.) Hoover’s findings were published late Friday night in the Journal of Cosmology, a peer-reviewed scientific journal. “I interpret it as indicating that life is more broadly distributed than restricted strictly to the planet earth,”

http://www.unexplain...s.php?id=201454
World's largest mud volcano to last 26 years - Posted on Saturday, 5 March, 2011

Located in Indonesia the Lusi volcano initially killed 13 people and displaced 13,000 families as it spewed over 50 Olympic swimming pools worth of mud every single day, it is believed it will take 26 years for the flow to subside to a manageable level. The eruption began in 2005 and is believed to have been started by gas drilling in the area.

In 2007 and 2008, a team of scientists led by Professor Davies produced evidence that drilling caused the mud volcano. The company involved, Lapindo Brantas, has disputed the claim that a nearby gas exploration well was the trigger for the volcano, instead blaming an earthquake which happened 174 miles away. Efforts to stem the flow of the mud volcano, including plugging the crater with concrete balls failed. The creation of giant dams has contained most of the subsequent mud flow.
 

Doppleganger

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http://answers.yahoo...05145413AAJyOLe
What does the Shield of Achilles symbolize religiously? What does the Shield of Achilles (or it's depiction in the Iliad) say about religion during the Dark Ages in Greece?

http://www.unexplain...dpost&p=3765498
Encarta © 1993-2003 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Taurus (astronomy) ... a zodiacal constellation—that is, a constellation located along the ecliptic, the apparent annual path of the sun across the sky (see Zodiac). Taurus contains the two famous star groups known as the Hyades, which includes the brilliant red star Aldebaran, and the Pleiades. It also contains the Crab Nebula, associated with the spectacular supernova of the year ad 1054 (see Supernova). [Note: Bayeaux Tapestry]

http://www.native-sc...White_Right.htm
http://WWW.NATIVE-SCIENCE.NET / Light or White Deities / The Heavenly Ship

The whole Milky Way is even mythically and biblically referred to be 1 Flood itself. Or a great Ocean on which a large Ship are sailing.

http://yahwehstruelu...r.blogspot.com/
Yahweh's True Lunar Sabbath Calendar - Monday, March 29, 2010 Moses, the Pleiades and the Nebra Sky Disk

The disc was originally smeared with rotten eggs. These would have caused a chemical reaction on its bronze surface, which would have turned the disc's background a deep violet color simulating a night sky out of which the gold-embossed stars would have shone. [Note: Family Shields KCKultimateKoH]

When the instructions were given to Moses in about 1446 BC (still disputed), the vernal equinox was in a different place in the heavens at the start of the biblical year than it is now. In other words, when the sun crossed the equinoctial line in the heavens, it was in Aries. But it is not there today. Josephus, the noted historian tells us that the sun was in Aries at the time of the Passover in biblical times. So we know from history and scripture that at the time of the exodus, the sun and the visible crescent moon were in Aries, or that section of the heavens that has been labeled as Aries. It was still in the same relationship at the time of Christ. This is in the first month of spring, and the beginning of the biblical year.

[Different Calendars the 1st Civil most ancient began originally in Sept-Oct. Current most recent begins Dec-Jan. Religious begins Apr-Mar, Passover, Solar - pre-earth meteorical disturbance? Add Subtract Moon days+-]

This image from Redshift Astronomy program shows an approximation of what the sky might have looked like on April 9 1446 BC from the approximate location in Egypt where the Israelites were slaves. Time and date are approximate and the sun has been left shown to show the relationship of the sun, moon and Pleiades. It is only an estimation of visibility as the moon is only a little over 5 degrees above the horizon which means limited visibility. Note the relationship of the moon and the Pleiades.

nebradiscsolareclipse16april1699BC.png
 

Doppleganger

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Recopied & formated reprint of Philosophy 101 Message MtSAC
[All times are approximations, for convience sake.]
[] Bracket Note additions, () Updated or Bible Def
[Base Template for antediluvian, needs work though]

Message 307 - Wed Feb 13th 2001
Timeline - all times for pre history
approximated relative close
Adamic line, 3 major Civ's, Events
some name & number meanings

All times befor pre history
1 - does not concern Adamic Lines
2 - Concerns Neolithic ages +
3 - Very little historical info
4 - Creation myths abound
http://www.okbu.edu/...tsci/planet/cc/

Genesis 5:1+ [Links Broken?]
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/pharoahs/
http://www.umich.edu...Chronology.html
http://www.wsu.edu/~...SO/TIMELINE.HTM ONLY GOOD ONE!
http://www.classical...prehistory.html
http://din-timelines...0-3000bce.shtml
http://www.hamp.hamp...Adtimeline.html\

Excerpts
Pre-diluvian

1st Dynasty Egypt (3050-2890) 7 Pharoah's, 7 now 8 Adamic
2nd Egyptian Dynasty (2890-2686) 5 Pharoah's, 5 Sons of Adam + Noah)
3rd Egyptian Dynasty (2650-2575) 5 Pharaoh's, at least 3 Adamic
4th Dynasty Egypt (2575-2467) 6 Pharaoh's, 3-6 Adamic
5th Dynasty Egypt (2465-2323) 9 Pharoah's, through 9 Adamic

2340-2125 BC Sargon I begins Akkadian Rule in Mesopotamia

Attachment - Adamic Line 1st Draft -> View attachment 49
 

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Doppleganger

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Table of Creations, Kin's, Tribes & Nations
Draft version 001 - 03/08/12

Creation List Goes Here ->

[Bullinger's] Genesis 3:15 And I will put enmity [hatred] between thee and the woman, and between thy [Satan’s] seed and her Seed; Christ shall bruise thy head [vital part], and thou shalt bruise His heel [lower part].

Adam, Eve, Abel
Cain - Wives, sisters, half sisters, any 7th Day intrutions (Annuki, Geber, Nephilim, etc ... )

6th Day Men - Neolithic
==================
African Nile + West & South, Earliest Migrations through Fertile Crescent into India and SE Asia & Australia, Olmecs.
Siber, The northeast, northwest;
China's NS proper + SE Asia, 3 Han like States Manchuria, Korea, Japan;
Indrian & Himalayan, Aryan, Polynesian;
Arabian-MesoFarsiIndo, Nort and West Africa, SE Asia
The Great West of the North, Central, South America's
Semitic Japhetic Hamish races who's origins begin in the Levant, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Crete, Asia Minor, Oceania, the Steppes of Asia, AssyrioMediaPersia, Greece, Rome, The Greater North and West into Europe and America.
[Note: 6 Tribes, sets of 3's, + 1 Noetic of 3, 7th Day Tribe]

Genesis Kings & Tribes - Antediluvian
==============================


Genesis 4:15-24 - Cain
===================

And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark [Note] upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him. And Cain went out from the presence of the LORD {Bullinger - Tabernacle placed by God for His worship}, and dwelt in the land of Nod (wandering), [to] on the east of Eden (pleasure). And Cain knew his wife (8th mention of the word 0802 ishshah 'ish-shaw'); and she conceived, and bare Enoch : and he builded a city, and called the name of the city, after the name of his son, Enoch. {Enoch: Heb. Chanoch}[Uruk->Heliopolis]{Bullinger - Teaching or Initiation}

And unto Enoch (dedicated) was born Irad (to sequester itself, a wild ass, fleet): {Bullinger - City of witness}
and Irad begat Mehujael (smitten by God - [4229] destroy, wipe, blot, abolish, [0410] god-like, might, power, strength, men of rank, idols, demons, Immanuel):
and Mehujael begat Methusael (who is of God - [4962] men, few, friends, number, persons [0410] god-like, might, power, strength, men of rank, idols, demons, Immanuel):
and Methusael begat Lamech {Lemech} (powerful - bring low)

And Lamech took unto him two wives: the name of the one was Adah (to adorn, move or pass, put, remove), and the name of the other Zillah (shadowed, shaded).

And Adah bare Jabal (course, stream, irrigate): he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle. [tented like buildings of east]
And his brother's name was Jubal (conduct, stream, carry, bring forth): he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
{Bullinger - pan’s pipe} [Hophel usage - to be borne (to the grave) music -> funerary rites, songs, barbs]
And Zillah, she also bare Tubalcain {whetter}[sharpen work metal, a tool smithy], an instructer of every artificer in brass and iron: {Bullinger - flowing from Cain}
and the sister of Tubalcain was Naamah. (loveliness, pleasentness)

And Lamech said unto his wives, Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice; ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech: for I have slain a man to my wounding, and a young man to my hurt. {I have...: or, I would slay a man in my wound, etc.} {to my hurt: or, in my hurt} The story or fable is, that he killed Cain and while doing so accidently killed Tubal. [Sons of Cain, Smithsons, Naamah or Naomi &or Mara {bitterness}] If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold.

Matthew 18:20-22 For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them ... Then came Peter to him, and said, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? till seven times ??? Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until seven times: but, Until seventy times seven.
Genesis 4:15 & 24, Psalms 79:12, Proverbs 6:31, Isaiah 30:26, 7's & 70's

Genesis 4:25-5:32 - Adam
========================

To Be Continued ...
 

Doppleganger

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Doppleganger

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http://en.wikipedia....ground_of_Jesus
Most scholars who study the Historical Jesus and Early Christianity believe that the Canonical Gospels and life of Jesus must be viewed as firmly placed within his historical and cultural context, rather than purely in terms of Christian orthodoxy. They look at the "forces" which were in play regarding the Jewish culture at that time, and the tensions, trends, and changes in the region under the influence of Hellenism and the Roman occupation. Thus, the cultural and historical context of Jesus is that of 1st century Galilee and Roman Judea, and the traditions of Second Temple Judaism.

By 63 BC, the partially-Hellenized territory had come under Roman imperial rule as a valued crossroads to trading territories and buffer state against the Parthian Empire. The Roman prefect's first duty to Rome was to maintain order through his political appointee the High Priest. In general, Roman Judea was peaceful and self-managed, although riots, sporadic rebellions, and violent resistance were an ongoing risk. The conflict between the Jews' demand for religious independence and Rome's efforts to impose a common system of governance meant there was underlying tension.

Various groups also resisted the status quo by force of arms. In many cases these groups did not have a clearly defined revolutionary program; in some cases they were opposed more to urban elites than to the Romans per se. These groups took on different forms, with different methods in the North than in the South. Social historians have suggested that bandits are common in peasant societies. These bandits are best understood as a peasant group whose targets were local elites (both Hasmonean and Herodian) rather than Rome. Thus, widespread peasant unrest of this period was not exclusively directed against Rome but also expressed discontent against urban elites and other groups; Roman policy sought to contain the power of the bandits while cultivating Jewish support.

Between 67 and 68 the Romans employed a scorched-earth policy in its fight in the north, driving thousands of peasants sourthwards towards Jerusalem, these peasants, perhaps led by bandits, formed a new political party called the Zealots, which believed that an independent kingdom should be restored immediately through force of arms. It is unclear whether their leaders made messianic claims. The Zealots imprisoned members of the Herodian family, killed the former high priests Ananus ben Artanus and Joshua ben Gamaliel, and put on trial the wealthiest citizens. It is possible that they believed they were purging elements whom they believed would have surrendered to the Romans. But these purges also reveal the great social divide between Jewish peasants and aristocrats at this time.

During the Great Revolt in 66, Josephus was sent to command the Galilee. He raised an army primarily of local bandits who pillaged nearby Greek and Roman cities (including ones occupied by Jewish elites), including the administrative centers of Sepphoris, Tiberias, and Gabara. This suggests that they were concerned primarily with gain or social insurrection against local elites, rather than a political revolution against Roman occupation.

By 66 BE Jewish discontent with Rome had escalated. At first, the priests tried to suppress rebellion, even calling upon the Pharisees for help. After the Roman garrison failed to stop Hellenists from desecrating a synagogue in Caesarea, however, the high priest suspended payment of tribute, inaugurating the Great Jewish Revolt. In 70 the Temple was destroyed. The destruction of the Second Temple was a profoundly traumatic experience for the Jews, who were now confronted with difficult and far-reaching questions: How to achieve atonement without the Temple? How to explain the disastrous outcome of the rebellion? How to live in the post-Temple, Romanized world? How to connect present and past traditions?

How people answered these questioned depended largely on their position prior to the revolt. But the destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans not only put an end to the revolt, it marked the end of an era. Revolutionaries like the Zealots had been crushed by the Romans, and had little credibility (the last Zealots died at Masada in 73). The Sadducees, whose teachings were so closely connected to the Temple cult, disappeared. The Essenes also vanished, perhaps because their teachings so diverged from the issues of the times that the destruction of the Second Temple was of no consequence to them; precisely for this reason, they were of little consequence to the vast majority of Jews). Two organized groups remained: the Early Christians, and Pharisees.
 

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http://en.wikipedia....antine_calendar
The World era is the common starting point of the astronomical lunar and solar cycles, and of the cycle of indictions, the usual dating system in Byzantium since the 6th century. He also already regards it as the most convenient for the Easter computus. Complex calculations of the 19-year lunar and 28-year solar cycles within this world era allowed scholars to discover the cosmic significance of certain historical dates, such as the birth of Christ or the Crucifixion.

Hours of the liturgical day - In the Byzantine period the day was divided into two 12-hour cycles fixed by the rising and setting of the sun. "Following Roman custom, the Byzantines began their calendrical day (nychthemeron) at midnight with the first hour of day (hemera) coming at dawn. The third hour marked midmorning, the sixth hour noon, and the ninth hour midafternoon. Evening (hespera) began at the 11th hour, and with sunset came the first hour of night (apodeipnon). The interval between sunset and sunrise (nyx) was similarly divided into 12 hours as well as the traditional "watches" (vigiliae) of Roman times."

Days of the liturgical week - Dr. Marcus Rautman points out that the seven-day week was known throughout the ancient world. The Roman Calendar had assigned one of the planetary deities to each day of the week. The Byzantines naturally avoided using these Latin names with their pagan echoes. They began their week with the "Lord's Day" (Kyriake), followed by an orderly succession of numbered days: Deutera ("2nd"), Trite ("3rd"), Tetarte ("4th"), and Pempte ("5th"), a day of "preparation" (Paraskeve), and finally Sabatton. Kyriake was seen as both the first and eighth day of the week, in the same way that Christ was the alpha and omega of the cosmos, existing both before and after time.

Principal considerations for the Byzantine calendar
Genesis creation myth.
Solar cycle (calendar) (28-year solar cycle).
Metonic cycle (19 year lunar cycle).
Indiction (15 year indiction cycle).
Easter Computus. [Venus]
Coptic calendar (March 25, 5493 BC)

Byzantine Church calculation - September 1, 5509 BCE
Roman Theophilus chronology “from the foundation of the world" to emperor Marcus Aurelius 5529 BC
Britain's Bede in his work "On Time" (703AD) dated creation to 18 March 3952 BC
Judaism - September 22 or March 29, 3760 BCE
James Ussher (1654) - October 23, 4004 BCE
Maya civilization - August 11, 3114 BCE
http://en.wikipedia....Dating_Creation

Two dominant dates for creation using such models exist, about 5500 BC and about 4000 BC. These were calculated from the genealogies in two versions of the Bible, with most of the difference arising from two versions of Genesis. The older dates are based on the Greek Septuagint. The later dates are based on the Hebrew Masoretic text. The patriarchs from Adam to Terah, the father of Abraham, were often 100 years older when they begat their named son in the Septuagint than they were in the Hebrew or the Vulgate (Genesis 5, 11). The net difference between the two genealogies of Genesis was 1466 years (ignoring the "second year after the flood" ambiguity), which is virtually all of the 1500-year difference between 5500 BCE and 4000 BCE.

For example, the period of Creation to the Flood is derived using the genealogical table of the ten patriarchs listed in Genesis 5, and 7:6, called the generations of Adam. According to the Masoretic Text, this period consists of 1,656 years, and this dating is also followed by Western Christian Bibles derived from the Latin Vulgate. However, according to the Samaritan texts the period is 1,307 years, and according to the Septuagint (Codex Alexandrinus, Elizabeth Bible) it is 2,262 years

http://en.wikipedia....wiki/Anno_Mundi
http://en.wikipedia....ne_of_the_Bible
The chronology of the Bible is the elaborate system of genealogies, generations, reign-periods, and other means by which Hebrew Bible measures the passage of time and thus give a chronological framework to biblical history from the Creation until the historical kingdoms of Israel and Judah.

The "Masoretic" AM dates given below are those traditionally used by Rabbinic Judaism and found in Seder Olam Rabbah. The Gregorian date of Creation is generally given as 3761 BCE, based on the Jewish reckoning. However, a year of 3925 BCE is sometimes given. The deviation of about 163 years is explained in the article Missing years (Jewish calendar).

The "Septuagint" AM dates are based on the Byzantine World Era (based on the Septuagint), which placed the date of creation on the 1st of September in 5509 BCE (to the Julian Calendar).
 

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http://en.wikipedia....cient_Near_East
For the first millennium BC, the relative chronology can be tied to actual calendar years by identifying significant astronomical events. An inscription from the tenth year of Assyrian king Ashur-Dan III refers to an eclipse of the sun, and astronomical calculations among the range of possible date identify the eclipse as having occurred 15 June 763. The date can be corroborated with other mentions of astronomical events and a secure absolute chronology established, that ties the relative chronologies into our calendar.

For the third and second millennia, the correlation is not so fixed. A key document is the Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, preserving record of astronomical observations of Venus, as preserved in numerous cuneiform tablets during the reign of the Babylonian king Ammisaduqa, known to be the fourth ruler after Hammurabi in the relative calendar. In the series, the conjunction of the rise of Venus with the new moon provides a fixed point, or rather three fixed points, for the conjunction is a periodic occurrence. By astronomic calculation, the first dates, for example, of Hammurabi can be fixed in this manner either as 1848, 1792 or 1736, depending on whether the "High Chronology" the "Middle Chronology" or the "Low Chronology" is followed.

The 3rd and 2nd millennia BC the following periods:
Early Bronze Age: A series of rulers and dynasties based mostly on the Sumerian King List, some attested epigraphically (e.g. En-me-barage-si). No absolute dates within a certainty better than a century can be assigned to this period.

Middle to Late Bronze Age: Beginning with the Akkadian Empire around 2300 BC, the chronological evidence becomes internally more consistent. Essentially, for this period, a good picture can be drawn of who succeeded whom, and synchronisms between Mesopotamia, the Levant and the more robust chronology of Ancient Egypt can be established. The assignment of absolute dates is a matter of dispute; the conventional middle chronology fixes the sack of Babylon at 1595 BC while the short chronology fixes it at 1531 BC.

The Bronze Age collapse: a "Dark Age" begins with the fall of Babylonian Dynasty III (Kassite) around 1200 BC, the invasions of the Sea Peoples and the collapse of the Hittite Empire.

Early Iron Age: around 900 BC, historical data, written records become more numerous once more, with the rise of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, enabling the certain assignment of absolute dates. Classical sources such as the Canon of Ptolemy, the works of Berossus and the Hebrew Bible provide chronological support and synchronisms. An eclipse in 763 BC which anchors the Assyrian list of imperial officials.

Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa - Eclipses
A record of the movements of Venus during the reign of a king of the First Babylonian Dynasty. Using it, various scholars have proposed dates for the fall of Babylon based on the 56/64 year cycle of Venus. The mentioned recent work suggesting that the fundamental 8 year cycle of Venus is a better metric, lead to the proposal of an "ultra-low" chronology.

A number of lunar and solar eclipses have been suggested for use in dating the ancient Near East. Many suffer from the vagueness of the original tablets in showing that an actual eclipse occurred. At that point, it becomes a question of using computer models to show when a given eclipse would have been visible at a site, complicated by difficulties in modeling the slowing rotation of the earth, Delta T. In the month Simanu an eclipse of the sun took place." This eclipse is considered to be solidly dated to 15 June 763 BC. Another important event is the Ur III Lunar/Solar Eclipse pair in the reign of Shulgi. Most calculations for dating using eclipses have assumed that the Venus Tablet of Ammisaduqa is a legitimate source.

Synchronisms - Egypt - At least as far back as the reign of Thutmose I, Egypt took a strong interest in the ancient Near East. At times they occupied portions of the region, a favor returned in later days by the Assyrians. Some key synchronisms:

Battle of Kadesh, involving Ramses II of Egypt (in his 5th year of reign) and Muwatalli II of the Hittite empire. Recorded by both Egyptian and Hittite records.

Peace treaty between Ramses II of Egypt (in his 21st year of reign) and Hattusili III of the Hittites. Recorded by both Egyptian and Hittite records.

Amenhotep III (Amenophis III) marries the daughter of Shuttarna II of Mitanni. There is also a record of messages from the pharaoh to Kadashman-Enlil I of Babylon in the Amarna Letter (EA1-5). Other Amarna letters link Amenhotep III to Burnaburiash II of Babylon (EA6) and Tushratta of Mitanni (EA17-29) as well.

Akhenaten (aka Amenhotep IV) married the daughter of Tushratta of Mitanni (as did his father Amenhotep III), leaving a number of records on the matter. He also corresponded with Burnaburiash II of Babylon (EA7-11,15), and Ashuruballit I of Assyria (EA15-16)

Synchronisms - Thera and Eastern Mediterranean - The eruption of the Thera volcano provides a possible time marker for the region. A large eruption, it would have sent a plume of ash directly over Anatolia and filled the sea in the area with floating pumice. This pumice appeared in Egypt, apparently via trade. Current excavations in the Levant may also add to the timeline. Unfortunately, the exact date of the volcanic eruption is the subject of strong debate between the radiocarbon experts, who place it at around 1610 BC and archaeologists, who support a date around 1470 BC.

The Hebrews did live pretty much in a territory directly in the crosshairs of Babylon, Assyria, Egypt and the Hittites, giving them a front row seat to actions in the area. Mainly of use in the 1st millennium and with the Assyrian New Kingdom. [LOL}

http://en.wikipedia....srael_and_Judah
The Canaanite city-state system broke down at the end of the Late Bronze period, and Canaanite culture was then gradually absorbed into that of the Philistines, Phoenicians and Israelites. The process was gradual rather than swift: a strong Egyptian presence continued into the 12th century BCE, and, while some Canaanite cities were destroyed, others continued to exist in Iron I.

The name Israel first appears in the stele of the Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah c. 1209 BCE. The Iron Age is conventionally divided into Iron Age I (1200–1000 BCE), the period which saw the rise of Israel as a people, and Iron Age II (1000–586 BCE), the period of the two kingdoms.

Periods and chronology
Creation Themes [Add]
Neolithic Era [Add]
Antediluvian [Add]
Post-deluvian [Add]
Patriarchial Age [Add]
Late Bronze Age: 1550–1200
Iron Age: 1200–586

Babylonian: 586–539
Persian: 539–332
Hellenistic: 332–53
Roman Era 52-70 [Add]
Diaspora 70+ [Add]

http://en.wikipedia....ne_of_the_Bible
So, if the relative dating of the Exodus-Joshua-Judges period corresponds to ... the overthrow of the old gods, the Olympic games and subsequent Trojan War as well as Brutus' return ... back dating from 1400 through 1300, 1200 to 1100 BC, a historical, religious, mythical, cultural, technological connection or ties to other nations by any Patriarchal Tribeship called by the names of ISRAEL seems HIGHLY LIKELY ... Thats it for a while ,,, ^
 

Doppleganger

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[NOTE: JUST Sticky like noted!]
http://www.unexplain...showentry=23285
http://www.unexplain...log&blogid=2697
Salverda's Blog was very good , in fact momumental [A++] ... but in the end, it gets a little confusing. Anyways ...
(Ethopian/Cushite/ [late incursion Shishak or Memmnon] should be Midian is Cush and Kish, also late in Sealand Meso Empire)

http://www.touregypt...ories/moses.htm
Akhenaten's religion was, at least to some extent, the culmination of a path established by earlier pharaohs, but perhaps even more importantly, it should be noted that, according to the Bible, only after leaving Egypt were the Israelites given the laws of god which required that their Lord be worshipped exclusively.

the quest for Biblical accounts of ancient Egypt at least into the 19th Dynasty of Egypt's New Kingdom, take on an interesting approach by most investigators. Essentially, since there is no evidence to clearly support the existence of Joseph, or Moses, or the Israeli Exodus, most of the investigation examines what was possible, what cannot be ruled out, or what fits into and Egyptian context. In other words, is it possible that such events or people could have existed from what we know of ancient Egypt. Some specifics are very possible, such as Joseph's rise to importance in the Egyptian court. Other events, such as the Exodus, as specifically told in the Bible, are much more difficult. Though the Egyptians may not have liked to record defeats, it would seem very probable that, were the disasters inflicted upon them as detailed in the Bible,

The Egyptians certainly recorded events such as eclipses of the sun and the levels of the Nile Flood. Were the Nile to have turned to blood and every firstborn child suddenly have died, not to mention all of the other plagues mentioned in Exodus, there would have doubtless been some record left, particularly during the New Kingdom.

The bible tells us that between his birth in Egypt and death in Moab, Moses played many different roles. He had the privilege to speak with god, to plead on behalf of his community before the Pharaoh and to lead his people. He was a miracle worker, a prophet, a lawmaker and lawgiver, as well as a priest. Many scholars believe that at least some of these functions were only attributed to him in the course of tradition, but the key element here is his link between the Hebrews and Egypt.

In the final analysis, attributing Moses to a specific person, or even determining which specific Pharaoh was involved may always be a matter of speculation. To the modern reader, the biblical Moses seems to oscillate between tradition and reality, and more secure historical knowledge is probably not possible, at least at present.. And though an Exodus could have taken place, the specific details recorded in the Bible largely fall outside the sphere of probability, given the silence of any Egyptian record.

The Book of Jasher

Aeneas & Balaam go here ->

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Jasher Chapter 70 (Excerpts)
Moses puts the King's crown upon his own head. Baalam and the Wise Menmake this a Pretext against him. When grown up, Moses visits his Brethren, and learns of theirGrievances. Moses obtains a day's rest on the Sabbath for all Israel.

1. And in the third year from the birth of Moses, Pharaoh was sitting at a banquet, whenAlparanith the queen was sitting at his right and Bathia at his left, and the lad Moseswas lying upon her bosom, and Balaam the son of Beor with his two sons, and all theprinces of the kingdom were sitting at table in the king's presence.
2. And the lad stretched forth his hand upon the king's head, and took the crown from theking's head and placed it on his own head.
3. And when the king and princes saw the work which the boy had done, the king andprinces were terrified, and one man to his neighbor expressed astonishment.
4. And the king said unto the princes who were before him at table, What speak you andwhat say you, O ye princes, in this matter, and what is to be the judgment against theboy on account of this act?
5. And Balaam the son of Beor the magician answered before the king and princes, and hesaid, Remember now, O my lord and king, the dream which thou didst dream manydays since, and that which thy servant interpreted unto thee.
6. Now therefore this is a child from the Hebrew children, in whom is the spirit of God,and let not my lord the king imagine that this youngster did this thing without
knowledge.
7. For he is a Hebrew boy, and wisdom and understanding are with him, although he is yeta child, and with wisdom has he done this and chosen unto himself the kingdom ofEgypt.

21. And Pharaoh sent and called for all the wise men of Egypt and they came before theking, and an angel of the Lord came amongst them, and he was like one of the wise menof Egypt.
24. And the angel, who seemed like one of the wise men of Pharaoh, answered and said asfollows, before all the wise men of Egypt and before the king and the princes:
25. If it please the king let the king send for men who shall bring before him an onyx stoneand a coal of fire, and place them before the child, and if the child shall stretch forth hishand and take the onyx stone, then shall we know that with wisdom has the youth doneall that he has done, and we must slay him.
[NOTE: Alpha Omega, Rueban Benjamin]
26. But if he stretch forth his hand upon the coal, then shall we know that it was not withknowledge that he did this thing, and he shall live.
27. And the thing seemed good in the eyes of the king and the princes, so the king didaccording to the word of the angel of the Lord.
28. And the king ordered the onyx stone and coal to be brought and placed before Moses.
29. And they placed the boy before them, and the lad endeavored to stretch forth his hand to the onyx stone, but the angel of the Lord took his hand and placed it upon the coal, and the coal became extinguished in his hand, and he lifted it up and put it into his mouth,and burned part of his lips and part of his tongue, and he became heavy in mouth and tongue.
30. And when the king and princes saw this, they knew that Moses had not acted withwisdom in taking off the crown from the king's head.

CHAPTER 72--Moses flees to Cush. At the Death of the king, he is chosen in his Stead. HeReigns Forty Years in Cush. (Excerpts)

1. And it was in those days that there was a great war between the children of Cush andthe children of the east and Aram, and they rebelled against the king of Cush in whosehands they were.
2. So Kikianus king of Cush went forth with all the children of Cush, a people numerousas the sand, and he went to fight against Aram and the children of the east, to bring them under subjection.
3. And when Kikianus went out, he left Balaam the magician, with his two sons, to guard the city, and the lowest sort of the people of the land.
4. So Kikianus went forth to Aram and the children of the east, and he fought against themand smote them, and they all fell down wounded before Kikianus and his people.
5. And he took many of them captives and he brought them under subjection as at first,and he encamped upon their land to take tribute from them as usual.
6. And Balaam the son of Beor, when the king of Cush had left him to guard the city andthe poor of the city, he rose up and advised with the people of the land to rebel against king Kikianus, not to let him enter the city when he should come home.
7. And the people of the land hearkened to him, and they swore to him and made him kingover them, and his two sons for captains of the army.

10. At the fourth corner they collected numerous serpents by their incantations andenchantments, and they fortified the city and dwelt therein, and no one went out or in
before them.
11. And Kikianus fought against Aram and the children of the east and he subdued them asbefore, and they gave him their usual tribute, and he went and returned to his land.
12. And when Kikianus the king of Cush approached his city and all the captains of theforces with him, they lifted up their eyes and saw that the walls of the city were built upand greatly elevated, so the men were astonished at this.
13. And they said one to the other, It is because they saw that we were delayed, in battle,and were greatly afraid of us, therefore have they done this thing and raised the citywalls and fortified them so that the kings of Canaan might not come in battle againstthem.
14. So the king and the troops approached the city door and they looked up and behold, allthe gates of the city were closed, and they called out to the sentinels, saying, Open untous, that we may enter the city.
15. But the sentinels refused to open to them by the order of Balaam the magician, theirking, they suffered them not to enter their city.

21. At that time that the war and the siege were against Cush, Moses fled from Egypt fromPharaoh who sought to kill him for having slain the Egyptian.
22. And Moses was eighteen years old when he fled from Egypt from the presence ofPharaoh, and he fled and escaped to the camp of Kikianus, which at that time was
besieging Cush.
23. And Moses was nine years in the camp of Kikianus king of Cush, all the time that theywere besieging Cush, and Moses went out and came in with them.
24. And the king and princes and all the fighting men loved Moses, for he was great andworthy, his stature was like a noble lion, his face was like the sun, and his strength waslike that of a lion, and he was counsellor to the king.

25. And at the end of nine years, Kikianus was seized with a mortal disease, and his illnessprevailed over him, and he died on the seventh day.
26. So his servants embalmed him and carried him and buried him opposite the city gate tothe north of the land of Egypt.
27. And they built over him an elegant strong and high building, and they placed greatstones below.
28. And the king's scribes engraved upon those stones all the might of their king Kikianus,and all his battles which he had fought, behold they are written there at this day.

31. If we say we will fight against the city many of us will fall wounded or killed, and if weremain here in the siege we shall also die.
32. For now all the kings of Aram and of the children of the east will hear that our king isdead, and they will attack us suddenly in a hostile manner, and they will fight against usand leave no remnant of us.
33. Now therefore let us go and make a king over us, and let us remain in the siege until thecity is delivered up to us.
34. And they wished to choose on that day a man for king from the army of Kikianus, andthey found no object of their choice like Moses to reign over them.
35. And they hastened and stripped off each man his garments and cast them upon theground, and they made a great heap and placed Moses thereon.
36. And they rose up and blew with trumpets and called out before him, and said, May theking live, may the king live!
37. And all the people and nobles swore unto him to give him for a wife Adoniah the queen,the Cushite, wife of Kikianus, and they made Moses king over them on that day.

CHAPTER 73--The Reign of Moses, and his Strategic Warfare. (Excerpts)

6. For it is now nine years that we have been besieging round about the city, and have notseen our children and our wives.
7. So the king answered them, saying, If you will hearken to my voice in all that I shallcommand you, then will the Lord give the city into our hands and we shall subdue it.
8. For if we fight with them as in the former battle which we had with them before thedeath of Kikianus, many of us will fall down wounded as before.
9. Now therefore behold here is counsel for you in this matter; if you will hearken to myvoice, then will the city be delivered into our hands.
10. So all the forces answered the king, saying, All that our lord shall command that will wedo.

And on the third day, the king said unto them, strengthen yourselves and become valiantmen, and put on each man his armor and gird on his sword upon him, and ride each manhis horse and take each his young stork in his hand.
21. And we will rise up and fight against the city at the place where the serpents are; and allthe people did as the king had ordered.
22. And they took each man his young one in his hand, and they went away, and when theycame to the place of the serpents the king said to them, Send forth each man his youngstork upon the serpents.
23. And they sent forth each man his young stork at the king's order, and the young storksran upon the serpents and they devoured them all and destroyed them out of that place.
24. And when the king and people had seen that all the serpents were destroyed in thatplace, all the people set up a great shout.
25. And they approached and fought against the city and took it and subdued it, and theyentered the city.
26. And there died on that day one thousand and one hundred men of the people of the cityall that inhabited the city, but of the people besieging not one died.
27. So all the children of Cush went each to his home, to his wife and children and to all
belonging to him.
28. And Balaam the magician, when he saw that the city was taken, he opened the gate andhe and his two sons and eight brothers fled and returned to Egypt to Pharaoh king ofEgypt.
29. They are the sorcerers and magicians who are mentioned in the book of the law,standing against Moses when the Lord brought the plagues upon Egypt.
30. So Moses took the city by his wisdom, and the children of Cush placed him on thethrone instead of Kikianus king of Cush.
31. And they placed the royal crown upon his head, and they gave him for a wife Adoniahthe Cushite queen, wife of Kikianus.
32. And Moses feared the Lord God of his fathers, so that he came not to her, nor did heturn his eyes to her.
33. For Moses remembered how Abraham had made his servant Eliezer swear, saying untohim, Thou shalt not take a woman from the daughters of Canaan for my son Isaac.
34. Also what Isaac did when Jacob had fled from his brother, when he commanded him,saying, Thou shalt not take a wife from the daughters of Canaan, nor make alliance withany of the children of Ham.

CHAPTER 76--Moses leaves Cush and goes to the Land of Midian. Reuel, taking him for aRefugee, keeps him in prison for Ten Years. Is fed by Zipporah, the Daughter of Reuel. Pharaohsmitten of the Plague. Slays a child of the Israelites every day. He dies of the Rot, and his Son,Adikam, Reigns in his Stead.

3. And in the fortieth year of the reign of Moses over Cush, Moses was sitting on the royalthrone whilst Adoniah the queen was before him, and all the nobles were sitting aroundhim.
4. And Adoniah the queen said before the king and the princes, What is this thing whichyou, the children of Cush, have done for this long time?
5. Surely you know that for forty years that this man has reigned over Cush he has notapproached me, nor has he served the gods of the children of Cush.
6. Now therefore hear, O ye children of Cush, and let this man no more reign over you ashe is not of our flesh.
7. Behold Menacrus my son is grown up, let him reign over you, for it is better for you toserve the son of your lord, than to serve a stranger, slave of the king of Egypt.
8. And all the people and nobles of the children of Cush heard the words which Adoniahthe queen had spoken in their ears.
9. And all the people were preparing until the evening, and in the morning they rose upearly and made Menacrus, son of Kikianus, king over them.
10. And all the children of Cush were afraid to stretch forth their hand against Moses, forthe Lord was with Moses, and the children of Cush remembered the oath which theyswore unto Moses, therefore they did no harm to him.
11. But the children of Cush gave many presents to Moses, and sent him from them withgreat honor.
12. So Moses went forth from the land of Cush, and went home and ceased to reign overCush, and Moses was sixty-six years old when he went out of the land of Cush, for thething was from the Lord, for the period had arrived which he had appointed in the daysof old, to bring forth Israel from the affliction of the children of Ham.
13. So Moses went to Midian, for he was afraid to return to Egypt on account of Pharaoh,

21. And Moses related to Reuel that he had fled from Egypt and that he reigned forty yearsover Cush, and that they afterward had taken the government from him, and had senthim away in peace with honor and with presents.
22. And when Reuel had heard the words of Moses, Reuel said within himself, I will put this man into the prison house, whereby I shall conciliate the children of Cush, for he has fled from them.
23. And they took and put him into the prison house, and Moses was in prison ten years,and whilst Moses was in the prison house, Zipporah the daughter of Reuel took pityover him, and supported him with bread and water all the time.
24. And all the children of Israel were yet in the land of Egypt serving the Egyptians in allmanner of hard work, and the hand of Egypt continued in severity over the children ofIsrael in those days.

32. And Zipporah answered her father, saying, Surely thou hast heard that the God of theHebrews is great and awful, and does wonders for them at all times.
33. He it was who delivered Abraham from Ur of the Chaldeans, and Isaac from the swordof his father, and Jacob from the angel of the Lord who wrestled with him at the ford ofJabbuk.
34. Also with this man has he done many things, he delivered him from the river in Egyptand from the sword of Pharaoh, and from the children of Cush, so also can he deliverhim from famine and make him live.
35. And the thing seemed good in the sight of Reuel, and he did according to the word ofhis daughter

CHAPTER 77--Adikam Pharaoh Afflicts Israel more than ever. Moses is Released by Reuel,and Marries his Daughter Zipporah. Moses obtains possession of the Stick Jehovah.

48. And after the death of Joseph, the nobles of Egypt came into the house of Joseph, andthe stick came into the hand of Reuel the Midianite, and when he went out of Egypt, hetook it in his hand and planted it in his garden.
49. And all the mighty men of the Kinites tried to pluck it when they endeavored to getZipporah his daughter, but they were unsuccessful.
50. So that stick remained planted in the garden of Reuel, until he came who had a right toit and took it.
51. And when Reuel saw the stick in the hand of Moses, he wondered at it, and he gave himhis daughter Zipporah for a wife.

CHAPTER 78--Moses has Two Sons. Pharaoh withholds Straw from the Israelites.

7. In those days Moses, the son of Amram, in Midian, took Zipporah, the daughter ofReuel the Midianite, for a wife.
8. And Zipporah walked in the ways of the daughters of Jacob, she was nothing short ofthe righteousness of Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel and Leah.
9. And Zipporah conceived and bare a son and he called his name Gershom, for he said, Iwas a stranger in a foreign land; but he circumcised not his foreskin, at the command ofReuel his father-in-law.
10. And she conceived again and bare a son, but circumcised his foreskin, and called hisname Eliezer, for Moses said, Because the God of my fathers was my help, anddelivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.
11. And Pharaoh king of Egypt greatly increased the labor of the children of Israel in thosedays, and continued to make his yoke heavier upon the children of Israel.

CHAPTER 79--The Lord appears to Moses and commands him to go down to Egypt to DeliverIsrael. Aaron meets him. Israel on hearing of his Mission greatly rejoices. Moses and Aaron goto Pharaoh, who calls all the Magicians to meet Moses. They Perform Miracles as well as Moses, and thus Deceive the King. Pharaoh, not finding the Name of Jehovah on any of theBooks of Records, says he does not know who He is, and will not let his People go. Moses andAaron teach Pharaoh, but he will not hearken, but causes the labor of the Children of Israel to beincreased. Moses being discouraged is told by the Lord that with an outstretched hand and heavy Plagues, Israel shall be Delivered.

CHAPTER 80--After Two Years, Moses and Aaron again go to Pharaoh, but Pharaoh will notHearken. The Lord afflicts Egypt with all manner of Plagues and Afflictions. The First-born ofall the Egyptians is Slain. Pharaoh sends the Children of Israel away, and all the Egyptians rise up to urge their Departure, but they will not go in the Night.

CHAPTER 81--The Departure of the Israelites from Egypt with Great Riches and Flocks andHerds. After the Egyptians bury their First-born, many of them go after the Israelites to induce them to return. But they refuse to return, and fight the Nobles of Egypt and drive them home. Pharaoh resolves with the Egyptians to pursue Israel and compel them to Return. The Childrenof Israel are divided--some wanting to go back. Moses prays for deliverance. The Lord tells him not to cry to him, but proceed. The waters of the Red Sea are Divided. The Israelites pass Through in Safety, but the Egyptians are utterly Destroyed. The Israelites proceed on their
Journey, and are fed with Manna. The Children of Esau fight Israel, but the Latter Prevail.

CHAPTER 82--The Ten Commandments are Given. While Moses is in the Mount, Aaron makesa Golden Calf, and Israel Worships it. Civil War. The Lord has a Sanctuary Built for HisWorship in the Wilderness.

Incomplete, Un-Formated, Un-Adjusted Swing Draft for High, Mid & Low Chrono's

Bullingers
10 Jehovah spake. (Heb. davar). This expression occurs in Ex. 20 “sundry times” and in 7 “divers manners”.
(1) To Moses alone, 13:1; 30:11, 17, 22, 34; 31:1; 33:11; 40:1.
(2) To Moses to speak to Aaron, 7:19; 8:5.
(3) To Moses to speak to the children of Israel, 14:1; 16:11 (cp. v. 12).
(4) To Moses to speak to Pharaoh, 6:10.
(5) To Moses and unto Aaron, 7:8.
(6) To Moses and Aaron to speak to the congregation of Israel, 12:1.
(7) To Moses and Aaron to give a charge to the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh, 6:13.

Exodus 6:11-27
11 Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
12 And Moses spake before the LORD, saying, Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear me, who am of uncircumcised lips?
13 And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
14 ¶ These be the heads of their fathers' houses: The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these be the families of Reuben.
15 And the sons of Simeon; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman: these are the families of Simeon.
16 And these are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations; Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari: and the years of the life of Levi were an hundred thirty and seven years.
17 The sons of Gershon; Libni, and Shimi, according to their families.
18 And the sons of Kohath; Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel: and the years of the life of Kohath were an hundred thirty and three years.
19 And the sons of Merari; Mahali and Mushi: these are the families of Levi according to their generations.
20 And Amram took him Jochebed his father's sister to wife; and she bare him Aaron and Moses: and the years of the life of Amram were an hundred and thirty and seven years.
21 And the sons of Izhar; Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.
22 And the sons of Uzziel; Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Zithri.
23 And Aaron took him Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Naashon, to wife; and she bare him Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
24 And the sons of Korah; Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph: these are the families of the Korhites.
25 And Eleazar Aaron's son took him one of the daughters of Putiel to wife; and she bare him Phinehas: these are the heads of the fathers of the Levites according to their families.
26 These are that Aaron and Moses, to whom the LORD said, Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt according to their armies.
27 These are they which spake to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt: these are that Moses and Aaron.

Exodus 7:1 ¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.

Bullinger's
14 Moses and Aaron shown to be the crown of the previous pedigrees. They gather the “heads” who are to speak to Pharaoh, v. 27.
16 Levi. Levi died twenty-three years after Joseph, forty-one years before Moses.
20 Jochebed. See note on Num. 26:59.
24 Elkanah. The ancestor of Samuel. Cp. 1 Sam. 1:1-24 and Num. 26:11, &c.
26 Aaron and Moses. The order according to age and genealogy. Cp. v. 27.
27 Moses and Aaron. The order according to God’s choice. Cp. v. 26.

http://www.suite101....cal-myth-a61554
The name Moses derives from the Egyptian word mose, meaning "offspring" or "heir", as in Tuthmose: "born of Thoth"

Historical linguist, Ahmed Osman, has conducted an in-depth research into the identity of Moses using Egyptian records. He believes there was an influential Israelite named Yusef- Yuya (Joseph), who was chief minister to the Pharoahs Tuthmosis IV and his son Amenhotep III. When Tuthmosis died, Amenhotep married his younger sister Sitamun so he could inherit the throne.Shortly afterwards in order to have an adult wife, Sitamun was only a child at this time, Amenhotep married Tiye, the daughter of Yusef- Yuya. It was decreed however, that no son born to Tiye could inherit the throne,there was a general fear that the Israelite relatives were gaining too much power in Egypt. So when Tiye was pregnant, certain palace officials thought that her child should be killed at birth if a son.

Arrangements were made for Tiye's Israelite relatives to nurse the boy. Amenhotep (born 1394 BCE), was educated at Heliopolis by the Egyptian priests of Ra and spent his teenage years at Thebes During this time his mother had become more influential than the senior queen Sitamun-who had only borne a daughter- Nefertiti. When Amenhotep III suffered ill health, young Amenhotep was brought to the fore.He married Nefertiti in order to reign as co -regent and when his father died he succeeded as Amenhotep IV.

Because of his part Israelite upbringing, Amenhotep IV couldn't accept the Egyptian dieties and developed the notion of Aten - an omnipotent god with no image, represented by a solar disk with downward rays. Amenhotep changed his name to Akhenaten (Glorious spirit of the Aten) and closed all the temples of the Egyptian Gods making himself very unpopular.There were plots against his life and threats of armed insurrection if he didn't allow traditional gods to be worshipped alongside the faceless Aten. He was eventually forced to abdicate in favour of his cousin Smenkhkare. Akhenaten was banished from Egypt and fled to the land of Midian. Here, he took another wife, an Israelite named Zipporah. Nefertiti had died a short while before. He then made arrangements to return to Egypt to retrieve his supporters who believed he was the rightful heir, the royal"mose", as they had been placed in bondage under the new, harsh laws.

Moses is described in the Old Testament as being "an Egyptian" and "slow of speech" in the language of the Israelites. Ahmed Osman believes that Moses was in fact the Pharoah Akhenaten. Akhenaten introduced monotheism and closed the temples making himself extremely unpopular. He was later forced to abdicate and banished from Egypt. He returned to lead his supporters out of Egypt to a new life.

Read more at Suite101: Was Moses an Egyptian Pharoah?: Ahmed Osman Believes the Biblical Story Describes Akhenaten http://www.suite101....4#ixzz1GlNbycp0

http://pt.rodovid.or...Inventory/79364
Meritaten Neferneferuaten ? (Dakhamunzu) [18th Dynasty]

[Meritaten] Year 3, 3rd month of the Inundation, day 10. The king of Upper and Lower Egypt, lord of the Two Lands, Ankhkheprure--beloved of Aten, son of Re Nefereneferuaten beloved of Waenre (Akhenaten)...Giving praise to Amun, kissing the ground before Onnophris by the wab-priest and scribe of divine offerings of Amun in the temple of Ankhkheprure in Thebes, Pawah, born to Itefseneb.
The epithet 'desired of Waenre' (ie: Akhenaten) in Neferneferuaten's nomen is occasionally replaced with the feminine term "Effective for her husband."

A now-famous letter to the Hittite king Suppiluliuma I from a widowed queen of Egypt, asking for one of his sons as a husband, has been attributed to Neferneferuaten (among others). The royal lineage of Egypt was carried by its women. Marriage to a woman of the royal line was essential for a male pharaoh, even if he came from outside the lineage. Suspicious of this good fortune, Suppiluliumas I first sent a messenger to make inquiries about the truth of the young queen's story. After receiving reports that the situation was as related to Suppiluliuma I, he sent his son, Zannanza, accepting her offer. However, Zannanza got no further than the border before he was killed, according to the Hittite archives. If Ankhesenamun were the queen in question, and his death a strategic murder, it was probably at the orders of either Horemheb or Ay, who both had the opportunity and the motive to kill him.

From Wikipedia The Hittite annals known as The Deeds of Suppiluliuma informs us how an Egyptian queen named Dakhamunzu, the widow of her recently deceased husband Niphururiya and without sons, asks the Hittite king Suppiluliama to send her one of his own sons to be her husband and king of Egypt and how, after further negotiations, a Hittite prince (Zannanza) is send to Egypt, only to be murdered en route there. The synchronisation of Hittite and Egyptian chronologies is unclear, but it is certain that the recounted episode must have happened in the late 18th Dynasty of Egypt (i.e. the late Amarna period and its immediate aftermath). The correct identification of the individuals involved in this episode could therefore possibly cast light on some of the questions surrounding Akhenaten's co-regent and successor.

http://fr.rodovid.or...nventory/153201
Akhenaten was also known as Tutankahmun before his ascension to the throne.
http://egyptian-hist...r_biblical_myth Some scholars believe that Akhenaten was the historical Moses.

It is worth exploring however I believe that the Historical Moses is an amalgam of two historically attested related men of different generations whose lives have been conflated in the Habiru history. One of these men was the son or grandson of Akhenaten the other the likely great or twice great grandson both of whom were named Mopsus in the Hittite record.

In Egyptian records Nunntas is named as a minor Hurrian prince and nephew of the Egyptian Pharaoh, whose genealogy reflects the mixed Hurrian/Egyptian lineages typical of the 18th and 19th dynasties. In the records of Amarna he is named as the leader of the 12 Confederated (Tributaries of Egypt) tribes.

In Hebrew records he is remembered as Moses the Israelite leader who was prevented from leading the tribes into Canaan. He was instead buried by the hand of God after passing the reign of power to his (son, or son in law, or nephew) Joshua. In Avestan tradition he is recorded as having been buried in Galatia (Galilee) and is revered as the founder of the Nazarian sect who abdicated his title instead passing it to his brother in order to serve as a Priest/Ascetic for the remainder of his life.

A 13th-century date for the historical Mopsus is confirmed by a Hittite tablet from Bogazkale which mentions a person called Mukšuš in connection with Madduwattaš of Arzawa and Attaršiyaš of Ahhiya. This text is dated to the reign of Arnuwandaš III. Therefore, some scholars associate Mopsus' activities along the coast of Asia Minor and the Levant with the famous Sea Peoples' attacking Egypt in the beginning of the 12th century BC, one of those peoples being the Denyen or House of Dan — comparable to the d-n-n-y-m of the Karatepe inscription. The ethnicity of Mopsus himself is not clear: The fragmentary Lydian historiographer Xanthus made him a Lydian campaigning in Phoenicia. If we may believe the transmission of Nicolaus of Damascus who quotes him, Xanthus wrote the name with -ks- like in the Hittite and Luwian texts; given that Lydian also belongs to the Anatolian language family, it is possible that Xanthus relied on a local non-Greek tradition according to which Mukšuš was a Luwian

The device of the prophet Tiresias (a staff with intertwined snakes) was also a device used by Moses in both the confounding of the Pharaohs magicians and in saving the Hebrews in the desert from the reign of serpents (Lightning storm).

http://biblelight.net/moses.htm
Egyptologists claim the infant in these statues is princess NEFERU-RA and the adult is Senmut, her vizir, but when she claimed Moses as her son, he became the child heir-apparent to the throne of Egypt. The child wears the serpent on the forehead and lock of hair on the right side of the head that designates a prince of Egypt! It is Moses!

As Moses grew to adulthood in Egypt, he assumed the title of Tutmoses II as heir to the throne of Egypt, but when he left Egypt after committing murder, he was replaced, and another man assumed that title. But statues of Moses as an adult apparently do still exist! On the left below is Moses as a child, and on the right is Moses as an adult, as Thutmoses II, prince of Egypt, before he left Egypt for Midian!

moses6.jpg
Moses5.jpg


Whether you believe one kind of version, or several versional accounts are the actual record or a collection of myth's like Arthur or Hercules, It seems to me in my mind the Bible is true to Bullingers' analogy on Figures of Speech.

A Figure of speech is a designed and legitimate departure from the laws of language, in order to emphasise what is said. Hence in such Figures we have the Holy Spirit's own marking, so to speak, of His own words. This peculiar form or unusal manner may not be true, or so true, to the literal meaning of the words; but it is more true to their real sense, and truer to the truth.

If historians and mythographers could wrap ther minds around this, as well as asure us of what they seem to see so concretely a "Egyptian History". Is only to me as abstract as any history dating roughly to this period which also pertains to the surrounding nations and pedigree's at the time.

Assuming the things these people assume, That a boy king head and shoulders above them in statue, might, wisdom and in whom God obviously found favor, a heretic king, a sacrificed boy king who dies young, or a king shunned (and probably vilified) by Egypt.

seems to be to circumstantial, not and in inconsequential ... in the end it is only in error to me.

I see many kings serving under various names at diffrent times kings who appear, for the lack of a better word, made out of the same mold.

Hebrew (include Aramean, 1/2 Mannasseh, Mephiboseth, married a zealot, etc ...)

Yes, 3 incursion likes (add tiy) in the period of Judges. I have no more time. brr that was to long.

no back to exodus to much ground work. no back or forward to Found Dodanim Rhodium, Lud, Ludim, Lydia, Troy-Troyes, Rome, etc ...

For now just west to east Troy dipped in Oceania, fixed on Arturius, to Asia Minor and Beyond, Danaans, creto-mycenian

Sherlock Holmes to Watson
 

Doppleganger

New Member
Mar 21, 2010
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Incomplete, Un-Formated, Un-Adjusted Swing Draft for High, Mid & Low Chrono's

(A Good Division of Times, Peoples, Places)
Late Bronze to Early Iron Man Age (1645-700)

Dark Bronze Age 1645-1400 (245 years)
Late Bronze Age 1399-1180 (219 years)
Early Iron Age 1179-936 (243 years)
Middle Iron Age 935-700 (235 years)

http://en.wikipedia....srael_and_Judah
Patriarchial Age [1933?-1551]
Late Bronze Age: 1550–1200
Iron Age: 1200–586

http://en.wikipedia....ingdom_of_Egypt
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt is the period in the history of ancient Egypt stretching from the establishment of the Eleventh Dynasty to the end of the Fourteenth Dynasty, between 2055 BC and 1650 BC, although some writers include the Thirteenth and Fourteenth dynasties in the Second Intermediate Period. During this period, the Osiris funerary cult rose to dominate Egyptian popular religion.
The period comprises two phases, the 11th Dynasty, which ruled from Thebes and the 12th Dynasty onwards which was centered around el-Lisht. These two dynasties were originally considered to be the full extent of this unified kingdom, but historians now consider the 13th Dynasty to at least partially belong to the Middle Kingdom.

http://en.wikipedia....ynasty_of_Egypt
The 11th-14th Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, the Middle Kingdom, though this dynasty overlaps partially with either (or both of) the 13th Dynasty or the 15th Dynasty, during the Second Intermediate Period.
It is associated with the Delta region of Egypt, and may have ruled from Xois, though for only little more than 100 years. Its rulers may have been related to the Hyksos, though they are very frequently identified as being of Semitic origin, owing to the distinct origins of the names of some of their Kings, like Yakobaam or Yaqub-Har.
As many as 76 kings are known from various king lists (from Manetho; the Turin Royal Canon gives 32), but only a few are attested in contemporary sources, so some may not have been actual rulers (eg some may be pseudonyms of other rulers). Most likely, many of these ruled concurrently over different parts of the Delta.

http://en.wikipedia....Period_of_Egypt
The Second Intermediate Period marks a period when Ancient Egypt fell into disarray for a second time, between the end of the Middle Kingdom and the start of the New Kingdom. It is best known as the period when the Hyksos made their appearance in Egypt and whose reign comprised the 15th and 16th dynasties.

http://en.wikipedia....List_of_decades
a. 1000 = Approxiamate Dating
b. 2000 = Modern Bible Dating
c. 3000 = circa, about Dating
k. 1100 = My Added circa Dates
x. 2400 = Had no circa Dating

Dark Bronze Age 1645-1400

c. 1655 BC—Tan-Uli, the ruler of the Elamite Empire, dies.
c. 1650 BC—Greeks start to live in Mycenae.
c. 1650 BC—Middle Kingdom ends in Ancient Egypt (other date is 1674 BC).
c. 1650 BC—Second Intermediate Period starts in Ancient Egypt (other date is 1674 BC).
c. 1650 BC-"Flotilla" fresco, Room 5 of West House, Akrotiri (Santorini), Thera. 2nd Palace period. National Archaeological Museum, Athens.
c. 1650 BC—Between Rapperswil and Hurden, on the so-called Seedamm, a first wooden bridge was constructed on Lake Zürich in Switzerland.
x. 1640 BC—The Middle Kingdom ends in Ancient Egypt and the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt starts.

x. 1633 BC—Egypt—End of the 13th and 14th dynasties of Egypt, start of the 15h dynasty.
x. 1633 BC—May 2—Lunar Saros 34 begins.
x. 1630 BC-1500—Landscape (Spring fresco), wall painting Akrotiri, Thera, Cyclades. National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
x. 1637 BC—Death of Abraham according to Jewish calculations (2,123 years after biblical creation)
x. 1634 BC—Salah, son of Arpachshad, according to the Hebrew Calendar
x. 1627 BC—Beginning of cooling period, world climate, lasting several years, recorded in tree-rings all over the world.
x. 1627 BC—It might have been caused by the Minoan eruption of Thera, or the Avellino eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
x. 1625 BC—Samsu-Ditana becomes King of Babylon (middle chronology).
x. 1621 BC—Lullaia becomes the King of Assyria.
x. 1620 BC—Mursili I becomes King of the Hittite Empire (middle chronology).

a. 1617 BC_1588-King Tang of Shang of China

a. 1602 BC—Shem, son of Noah, according to the Hebrew Calendar
x. 1600 BC—Shang Dynasty instituted in China.
x. 1600 BC—Tumulus culture started.
c. 1600 BC—Nebra skydisk created in what is now modern day Germany.
c. 1600 BC—The foundations of the Olmec civilization in Southern Mexico.
c. 1600 BC—Cycladic civilization ends.
c. 1600 BC_1550 BC—"Mask of Agamemnon" Funerary mask, from the royal tombs at Mycenae, Greece, is made. Grave Circle A. It is now at National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
c. 1600 BC_1200 BC—Hittite (Anatolia) iron tools and weapons.
c. 1600 BC_1200 BC—Tiryns, Ancient Greece, is inhabited.
c. 1600 BC-Kings and princes on the mainland Greece have begun building large aboveground burial places commonly referred to as beehive tombs because of their rounded, conical shape.
c. 1600 BC—Hittites establish capital at Hattushash (near modern Boghazkeui, Turkey).
a. 1600 BC—Egypt—End of Fourteenth Dynasty.
a. 1600 BC—The creation of one of the oldest surviving astronomical documents, a copy of which was found in the Babylonian library of Ashurbanipal: a 21-year record of the appearances of Venus (which the early Babylonians called Nindaranna).
a. 1600 BC—The end of the Indus Valley civilization.
a. 1600 BC—The overthrow of the ruling Amorite dynasty in Aleppo, Syria.
a. 1600 BC—The date of the earliest discovered rubber balls.
a. 1600 BC—Egypt conquered by Asian tribes known as the Hyksos—see History of ancient Israel and Judah.

a. 1595 BC—Mursili I, king of the Hittites, sacks Babylon. This brings an end to the rule of the descendants of Hammurabi in that kingdom.
x. 1597 BC—Aaron born to Amram and his wife Jochebed (traditional date)

a. 1580 BC-Erishum III, King of Assyria, Hatshepsut and Egyptian queen. 1598–1586 BC (traditional date), or ca. 1580–1567 BC (newer dating)

a. 1580 BC-The Egyptians invented a new and better calendar. It is based on both the moon and a star. They observed the annual appearance of the brightest star in the sky, Sirius. This calendar was more advanced than the Babylonian calendar.
a. 1580 BC-Actaeus, King of Athens, first King of Athens according to the Parian Chronicle succeeded in the throne by Cecrops I

x. 1573 BC—Eber, son of Salah (b. 2037 BC) according to the Hebrew Calendar
x. 1573 BC_1570-Kamose, last Pharaoh of the 17th Dynasty of Egypt.
x. 1570 BC_1546-Ahmose I, Pharaoh and founder of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt
a. 1570 BC—The Second Intermediate Period of Egypt ends and the New Kingdom begins in Ancient Egypt.

x. 1567 BC—Egypt: End of Fifteenth Dynasty, end of Sixteenth Dynasty, end of Seventeenth Dynasty, start of Eighteenth Dynasty.

x. 1557 BC—Estimation: Memphis, capital of Lower Egypt becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Avaris, capital of the Hyksos in Egypt.
x. 1556 BC—Cecrops I builds or rebuilds Athens following the great flood of Deucalion and the end of the Golden age. He becomes the first of several Kings of Athens whose life account is considered part of Greek mythology.
c. 1552 BC—End of Second Intermediate period in Ancient Egypt. Start of New Kingdom. 18th–20th Dynasties.
c. 1550 BC—Second Intermediate Period ends in Ancient Egypt (other date is 1552 BC).
c. 1550 BC—New Kingdom starts in Ancient Egypt (other date is 1552 BC).
c. 1550 BC—Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt starts (other date is 1552 BC).
x. 1550 BC—Ahmose I becomes Pharaoh of Egypt (although only de facto ruler of Upper Egypt) according to the Low Chronology.
x. 1550 BC—May 14—Lunar Saros 35 begins.
c. 1550 BC–1500 BC—Dagger blades with lion hunt, from Shaft Grave IV, Grave Circle A, at Mycenae, Greece, are made. They are now at National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
c. 1550 BC Stonehenge was built.
a. 1550 BC-The city of Mycenae, located in the northeast Peloponnesus, comes to dominate the rest of Achaea, giving its name to Mycenaean civilization.

x. 1545 BC—Ahmose I, Pharaoh and founder of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt, dies, according to the High Chronology.

x. 1539 BC—End of Seventeenth dynasty of Egypt, start of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
x. 1539 BC—Approximate first use of the Valley of the Kings.
x. 1534 BC—The oldest dated star chart was made in Ancient Egypt.
x. 1530 BC—End of the First Dynasty of Babylon and the start of the Kassite Dynasty—see History of Iraq.

x. 1525 BC—End of Fifteenth dynasty of Egypt.
x. 1522 BC—Jacob migrates to Egypt, settling in the Land of Goshen, according to the Hebrew calendar.
x. 1521 BC—April 24—Lunar Saros 36 begins.

x. 1517 BC—The Heliacal rising of Sothis, a dating of the reign of Amenhotep I, followed by Thutmosis I.
x. 1512 BC—The flood of Deucalion, according to O'Flaherty, Augustine, Eusebius, and Isidore (bishop of Seville) (approximate date).

x. 1506 BC — Cecrops, legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 50 years. Having survived his own son, he is succeeded by Cranaus.
c. 1506 BC — Thutmose I (Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt) starts to rule. Alternatively, a date of c. 1504 BC is a possibility.
x. 1504 BC_1492-Egypt conquers Nubia and the Levant.
a. 1500 BC-Earliest remains of domesticated ferrets found.
a. 1500 BC-Biblical Exodus, according to Simcha Jacobovici in the earliest suggestion of the documentary Exodus Decoded.
a. 1500 BC-The element Mercury has been discovered in Egyptian tombs dating from this decade.
a. 1500 BC-Polynesians settle in Fiji.
c. 1500 BC — Mycenaean civilization starts in Ancient Greece.
c. 1500 BC - Formative/Preclassic period starts in Mesoamerica.
x. 1500 BC–500 BC—Vedas are composed.

x. 1497 BC—Cranaus, legendary King of Athens, is deposed after a reign of 10 years by his son-in-law Amphictyon of Thessaly, son of Deucalion and Pyrrha.
x. 1493 BC—Thutmose I (Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt) died.
c. 1493 BC_1479-Thutmose II of Egypt, Pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Egypt.
c. 1492 BC—Thutmose I dies (other date is 1493 BC).
x. 1492 BC—April 3—Lunar Saros 37 begins.

x. 1487 BC—Amphictyon, son of Deucalion and Pyrrha and legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 10 years and is succeeded by Erichthonius I of Athens, a grandson of Cranaus.
x. 1481 BC—August 27—Lunar Saros 43 begins.

a. 1479 BC_1425-Thutmose III of Egypt, Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. He was the first who called himself "pharaoh".
c. 1478 BC–1390 BC—Hand mirror, Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, is made. It is now at The Brooklyn Museum of Art, New York.
c. 1473 BC—Hatshepsut (18th dynasty) started to rule. She is a daughter of Thutmose I. Married to her half brother Thutmose II.
c. 1473 BC–1458 BC – Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el Bahri is built. Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt.
c. 1473 BC–1458 BC: Hatshepsut as sphinx, from Deir el-Bahri was made. Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. It is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

x. 1473 BC_1458-Hatshepsut of Egypt, female Pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty.
c. 1469 BC—In the Battle of Megiddo, Egypt defeats Canaan.
x. 1457 BC-Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC) between Thutmose III and a coalition under the King of Kadesh. It is the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail. The battle took place in year 23 I Shemsu day 20 (or possibly day 21). The exact year depends on the year Thutmose ascended to the throne of Egypt and among scholars the estimates range from 1479 to 1504 BC. Using the 1479 BC estimate the battle could have taken place in May of 1457.

x. 1456 BC—The Bible says, Moses leads the Exodus of the Jews from Egypt.[citation needed]
c. 1450 BC—Mycenaeans attack Crete and destroy Knossos.[citation needed]
c. 1450 BC—Minoan Second Palace period ends and Late Minoan culture starts.[citation needed]

x. 1445 BC—According to James Ussher's chronology, this is when Moses led the Hebrews from Egypt, to the land of Israel.

x. 1437 BC—Legendary King Erichthonius I of Athens dies after a reign of 50 years and is succeeded by his son Pandion I.

x. 1427 BC–1401 BC Amenhotep II, Pharaoh of Egypt riegns
x. 1426 BC-Thutmose III of Egypt, Pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Egypt dies
x. 1420 BC—Hebrew Exodus from Egypt (one proposed date).
x. 1420 BC—Incumbent Shahram from Persia declared his kingdom.
a. 1420 BC-Crete conquered by Mycenae, start of the Mycenaean period.

x. 1409 BC-April 16, Lunar Saros 38 begins.
x. 1400 BC—Palace of Minos destroyed by fire.
x. 1400 BC—Estimation: Thebes, capital of Egypt becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Memphis in Egypt.
c. 1400 BC—Assyrians became very powerful.
c. 1400 BC—Beginning of Mycenaean era.
c. 1400 BC—political and cultural power in the Aegean has shifted from Crete to mainland Greece, home to wealthy warrior-kings.
c. 1400 BC-1350-Garden of Nebamum wall painting, tomb of Nebamum, Thebes. 18th dynasty of Egypt. British Museum, London.
c. 1400 BC—Lion Gate at Hattushash (near modern Boghazkeui, Turkey) is made.
c. 1400 BC-1200—Two women with a child, found in the palace at Mycenae, Greece. National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
c. 1400 BC—Linear A reaches its peak of popularity.
c. 1400 BC—The height of the Canaanite town of Ugarit.

Late Bronze Age 1399-1180 (219)

x. 1397 BC—Pandion I, legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 40 years and is succeeded by his son Erechtheus II of Athens.
c. 1390 BC-1352 BC: Queen Tiy, bust from Kom Medinet el-Ghurab (near el-Lahun) was made. 18th dynasty. Berlin, Ägyptisches Museum.
a. 1395 BC-Hittites ruled by King Arnuwanda I (until 1360).
x. 1393 BC—Moses was born.
a. 1398 BC—Birth of Tiy to Egyptian nobleman Yuya and his wife Tjuyu. Chief Queen of Pharaoh Amenhotep III of Egypt, matriarch Amarna family.
c. 1390 BC—Pharaoh Amenhotep III (18th dynasty) starts to rule.

x. 1380 BC-'s NONE

c. 1375 BC—Minoan culture ends on Crete.
c. 1375 BC—Site of palace complex Knossos is abandoned.
a. 1370 BC-summer, The cutting of the oak log, for Egtved Girl (Denmark) burial.
a. 1370 BC-Akhenaten is thought to have been born in this decade.

x. 1368 BC—Death of Erichthonius, mythical King of Dardania.
x. 1366 BC—Birth of Princess Tadukhipa to Tusratta, King of Mitanni and his Queen Juni. She will be later married to Amenhotep III and after his death to his son and heir Amenhotep IV Akhenaton. She is variously identified with Akhenaton's Queens Nefertiti and Kiya.
x. 1365 BC—Ashur-uballit I rises to the throne on Assyria.
c. 1365 BC—The Citadel of Tiryns, Greece, is built.
x. 1362 BC—Birth of the later Pharaoh Amenhotep IV Akhenaton to Amenhotep III and his Queen Tiy.

x. 1352 BC—Pharaoh Amenhotep IV Akhenaton rises to the throne of Egypt, which begins the 18th dynasty.
x. 1352 BC—Amenhotep III (18th dynasty) dies.
c. 1352 BC—Amenhotep IV starts to rule.
c. 1352 BC—Amarna period in Ancient Egypt starts.
x. 1350 BC—Yin becomes the new capital of the Shang dynasty.

c. 1348 BC—Amenhotep IV changes his name to Akhenaten.
x. 1348 BC–1336 BC: Akhenaten and his family, relief from Akhetaten (modern el-Amarna) was made. 18th dynasty. It is now in Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Ägyptisches Museum.

c. 1348 BC–1336 BC: Nefertiti, bust from Akhetaten (modern Amarna) was made. 18th dynasty. It is now in Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Ägyptisches Museum.

c. 1348 BC–1336 BC: Tish-shaped vase, from Akhetaten (modern Tell el-Amarna) was made. 18th dynasty. It is now in the British Museum, London.

c. 1348 BC–1327 BC: State ship, detail of a tempera fascimile by Charles K. Wilkinson of a cow painting in the tomb of the governor of Nubia Amenhotep Huy in Qurnet Murai was made. 18th dynasty. It is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

x. 1347 BC—Legendary King Erechtheus II is reportedly killed by lightning after a reign of 50 years and is succeeded by his younger brother Cecrops II.
x. 1346 BC—Pharaoh Amenhotep IV of Egypt begins his Cult of Aten and begins construction of Amarna intended to be his new capital.
x. 1345 BC—Pharaoh Amenhotep IV of Egypt renames himself to Akhenaten.
x. 1344 BC–1322 BC—Beginning of Hittite empire.
a. 1341 BC/1340 BC—Birth of Tutankhaten, later Pharaoh of Egypt as Tutankhamun (approximate date)
c. 1340 BC—Citadel walls are built in Mycenae.

x. 1338 BC—Queen Tiy of Egypt, Chief Queen of Amenhotep III and matriarch of the Amarna family, vanishes from the historical record. Presumed death.
x. 1337 BC—Queen Nefertiti of Egypt vanishes from the historical record. Presumed death.
x. 1336 BC—Pharaoh Akhenaten of Egypt names Smenkhkare as a co-ruler.
x. 1336 BC—Tutankhaten becomes Pharaoh of Egypt and marries Ankhesenpaaten, daughter and wife of his predecessor Akhenaten.
c. 1336 BC – Amarna period in Ancient Egypt ends.
x. 1336 BC–1327 BC: Inner coffin of Tutankhamun's sarcophagus, from the tomb of Tutankhamun, Valley of the Kings near Deir el-Bahri is made. 18th dynasty. It is now in Egyptian Museum, Cairo.

x. 1334 BC/1333 BC—Death of Smenkhkare, Pharaoh of Egypt and co-ruler with Akhenaten.
x. 1334 BC/1333 BC—Death of Akhenaten, Pharaoh of Egypt.
x. 1331 BC—Pharaoh Tutankhaten of Egypt renames himself to Tutankhamun and abandons Amarna, returning the capital to Thebes.

x. 1323 BC—Death of Pharaoh Tutankhamun of Egypt.
x. 1323 BC—Ay succeeds Tutankhamun

x. 1319 The Bhagavad Gita is written, according to Hindu traditions.
x. 1319 BC—Horemheb assumes the throne of Ancient Egypt.
x. 1317 BC—Enlil-nirari succeeds his father as king of Assyria.
x. 1312 BC—The revelation of the Torah to Moses occurred.

a. 1309 BC-Cecrops II, legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 40 years and is succeeded by his son Pandion II. Pandion II was later driven into exile from Athens by the sons of Cecrops II's brother (or possibly nephew) Metion, so that Metion could take power. Pandion II fled to Megara, where he married the King's daughter and eventually inherited the throne. After his death, Pandion II's sons returned to Athens and drove out the sons of Metion.

x. 1307 BC—Adad-nirari I becomes king of Assyria.
x. 1300 BC—Pangeng moved the capital of Shang Dynasty to Yin.
c. 1300 BC—Rise of the Urnfield culture.
c. 1300 BC-1312 BC-the revelation of the Torah to Moses occurred.
c. 1300 BC—Some people of "Eastern Woodlands" begin to build massive earthworks, mounds of earth and stone. Poverty Point, Louisiana is the earliest one.
c. 1300 BC–1200 BC—Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae, Greece, is built. Excavated by Christos Stamatakis in 1878.
c. 1300 BC–1200 BC—The palace at Pylos is built.
c. 1300 BC–1100 BC—Warrior vase, from Mycenae, Ancient Greece, is made. It is now at National Archaeological Museum of Athens.

c. 1295 BC – 1186 BC – Great Temple of Amun, Karnak, is built. New Kingdom.
x. 1292 BC—End of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, start of the Nineteenth Dynasty.
x. 1292 BC—The coronation of Ramses I.

x. 1290 BC—Seti I becomes Pharaoh of Egypt. (1290 BC – 1279 BC) (19th dynasty)
c. 1285 BC—Judgement of Hunefer before Osiris, illustration from a Book of the Dead is painted. 19th dynasty. It is now in the British Museum, London.
x. 1282 BC—Pandion II, legendary King of Athens, dies after a nominal reign of 25 years. He reportedly only reigned in Megara while Athens and the rest of Attica were under the control of an alliance of Nobles led by his uncle Metion (son of Erechtheus of Athens) and his sons (including in some accounts Daedalus). His four sons lead a successful military campaign to regain the throne. Aegeus becomes King of Athens, Nisos reigns in Megara, Lykos in Euboea and Pallas in southern Attica.

a. 1280 BC—The Torah is believed to have been fully composed around this time.
a. 1280 BC-The walls of Troy VII/Wilusa are constructed.

x. 1279 BC—Pharaoh Seti I dies.
c. 1279 BC—Troy VI, speculated to be the city mentioned in Homer's Iliad, is presumed to have been destroyed by Greek armies.
c. 1279 BC (May 31)—Ramesses II (19th dynasty) becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt.
c. 1279 BC–1213 BC—Temple of Ramesses II in Abu Simbel, Nubia (19th dynasty) was built. Wall painting of Queen Nefertari making an offering to the god Isis in the tomb of Nefertari was made. The tomb is located in the Valley of the Queens in Egypt.
c. 1279 BC_1213 BC—Temple of Amun, Mut and Khons, Luxor, Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt, is built.
x. 1278 BC—Ramesses II defeats the Shardana sea pirates.

x. 1274 BC-The Battle of Kadesh (or Battle of Qadesh) in Syria, regarded as the largest (5–6,000) chariot vs. chariot battle in antiquity. The end of the Battle of Kadesh was followed by some 15 years of border warfare ended by the signing of the earliest known peace treaty between the Hittites and Egyptians, the Treaty of Qadesh. Shalmaneser I becomes King of the Assyrian Empire.

a. 1267 BC-One of the three estimated dates of the Birth of Herakles in Thebes, Greece.
c. 1263 BC—Ramses II, king of ancient Egypt, and Hattusilis III, king of the Hittites, sign the earliest known peace treaty.
x. 1263 BC—The approximate date traditionally offered for the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt under the leadership of Moses.

c. 1259 BC—Ramesses II makes peace agreement with the Hittites (other date is 1263 BC).
c. 1258 BC—The Exodus as depicted in the Bible.
x. 1251 BC—September 7, A solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes, Greece.
x. 1250 BC—Traditional date of the beginning of the Trojan War.
x. 1250 BC—Wu Ding emperor of Shang Dynasty to 1192 BC.
c. 1250 BC—Lion Gate, Mycenae, Greece, are made. Citadel walls are built.

a. 1240 Deborah, Judge of Israel, accompanies Barak on a military campaign in Qedesh, according to Judges 4:6–10.
a. 1240 Jael assassinates Sisera, a retreating general who was the enemy of the Israelites, according to Judges 5:23–27.

1231 BC—King Telephus of Mysia is born in Arcadia (estimated date of birth).
1230 BC—Battle of Nihriya
1225 BC—Birth of legendary Helen to King Tyndareus of Sparta and his wife Leda. (estimated date).
1224 BC—Death of Ramesses II of Egypt.
1221 BC—Pharaoh Merneptah defeats a Libyan invasion.

1213–1203 BC—Merneptah Stele makes the earliest recorded mention of Israel.
1212 BC–1202 BCMerneptah, Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
1213 BC—Theseus, legendary King of Athens, is deposed and succeeded by Menestheus, great-grandson of Erechtheus and second cousin of Theseus' father Aegeus. Menestheus is reportedly assisted by Castor and Polydeuces of Sparta, who want to reclaim their sister Helen from her first husband Theseus. The latter seeks refuge in Skyros, whose King Lycomedes is an old friend and ally. Lycomedes, however, considers his visitor a threat to the throne and proceeds to assassinate him (though other accounts place these events a decade later, in the 1200s BC).
1213 BC—Ramesses II dies (other date is 1212 BC).
1212 BC—Death of Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses the Great.
1210 BC—Accession of legendary Magadhan king Subrata of the Brihadrata dynasty.

x. 1204 BC—Theseus, legendary King of Athens, is deposed after a reign of 30 years and succeeded by Menestheus, great-grandson of Erichthonius II of Athens and second cousin of Theseus' father Aegeus. Menestheus is reportedly assisted by Castor and Polydeuces of Sparta, who want to reclaim their sister Helen from her first husband Theseus. Theseus seeks refuge in Skyros, whose King Lycomedes is an old friend and ally. Lycomedes, however, considers his visitor a threat to the throne and proceeds to assassinate him. (Other accounts place these events a decade earlier. See 1210s BC.)

x. 1202 BC–1199 BC Amenemses, Pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt
c. 1200 BC—The Cimmerians start settling the steppes of southern Russia? (Undocumented conjecture). [Note: alot of migratory]
x. 1200 BC—Collapse of Hittite power in Anatolia with the destruction of their capital Hattusa.
c. 1200 BC—Start of Iron Age in Middle East
c. 1200 BC—Chariots appear in Ancient China.
c. 1200 BC—Earliest writing that survived exists in Ancient China.
c. 1200 BC—Aramaic Nomads and Chaldeans become a big threat to the former Babylonian and Assyrian Empire.
c. 1200 BC—Massive migrations of people around the Mediterranean and the Middle-East. See Sea People for more information.
c. 1200 BC-Olmec culture starts in Mesoamerica.
c. 1200 BC-San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán starts to flourish.

x. 1197 BC—The beginning of first period (1197 BC–982 BC) by Sau Yung's concept of the I Ching and history.
x. 1194 BC—The beginning of the legendary Trojan War.
x. 1192 BC—Wu Ding king of Shang Dynasty died.
x. 1191 BC—Menestheus, Athens, dies in the Trojan War after a reign of 23 years, succeeded by Demophon, a son of Theseus. (see 1181 BC)

x. 1186 BC—End of the Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt, start of the Twentieth Dynasty.
x. 1184 BC-April 24, Traditional date of the fall of Troy.
x. 1182 BC-a desperate letter of Ammurapi, the last king of Ugarit, Peoples of the Sea destroy both Ugarit and Alasiya (Cyprus).
x. 1181 BC—Menestheus, legendary king of Athen's in the Trojan War is succeeded by his nephew Demophon, a son of Theseus. (see 1191 BC).
c. 1180 BC—Invaders razed Hattusa causing the collapse of the Hittite Empire
x. 1180 BC—1178 Collapse of the Hittite Empire. Their capital, Hattusa, falls around or slightly after 1180 BC.

Early Iron Age 1179-936 (243)

x. 1178 BC-April 16, A solar eclipse occurs. [Note: @6 years?] This may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom after the Trojan War. He discovers a number of suitors competing to marry his wife Penelope, whom they believe to be a widow, in order to succeed him on the throne. He organizes their slaying and re-establishes himself on the throne. The date is surmised from a passage in Homer's Odyssey, which reads, "The Sun has been obliterated from the sky, and an unlucky darkness invades the world." This happens in the context of a new moon and at noon, both necessary preconditions for a full solar eclipse. In 2008, to investigate, Dr Marcelo O. Magnasco, an astronomer at Rockefeller University, and Constantino Baikouzis, of the Observatorio Astrónomico de La Plata in Argentina, looked for more clues. Within the text, they interpreted three definitive astronomical events: there was a new moon on the day of the slaughter (as required for a solar eclipse); Venus was visible and high in the sky six days before; and the constellations Pleiades and Boötes were both visible at sunset 29 days before. Since these events recur at different intervals, this particular sequence should be unique: the doctors found only one occurrence of this sequence while searching between 1250 and 1115 BC, the 135-year spread around the putative date for the fall of Troy. It coincided with the eclipse of April 16, 1178 BC.

x. 1166 BC—The start of the Discordian calendar and within Discordianism the date of Curse of Greyface.
x. 1162 BC—The statue of Marduk is taken from Babylon by Elamite conquerors.

x. 1159 BC—The Hekla 3 eruption triggers an 18-year period of climatic worsening. (estimated date, disputed)
x. 1154 BC—Death of King Menelaus of Sparta (estimated date).
x. 1154 BC—Suicide of exiled Queen Helen of Sparta at Rhodes. (estimated date).
a. 1150 BC-The Trojan war takes place at about this time
x. 1153 BC—Death of pharaoh Ramesses III of Egypt

x. 1149 BC—The First Trojan War
x. 1147 BC—Demophon, legendary King of Athens and veteran of the Trojan War, dies after a reign of 33 years and is succeeded by his son Oxyntes.
x. 1146 BC—Nebuchadnezzar I becomes king of Babylon.

x. 1137 BC—Ramses VII begins his reign as the sixth ruler of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt.
x. 1135 BC—Oxyntes, legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 12 years and is succeeded by his elder son Apheidas.
x. 1134 BC—Apheidas, legendary King of Athens, is assassinated and succeeded by his younger brother Thymoetes after a reign of 1 year.

x. 1126 BC—Thymoetes, legendary King of Athens, dies childless after a reign of 8 years. He is succeeded by his designated heir Melanthus of Pylos, a fifth-generation descendant of Neleus who had reportedly assisted him in battle against the Boeotians.
x. 1122 BC—Legendary founding emigration of Gija to Gojoseon.
x. 1122 BC—The Zhou Dynasty was founded.
c. 1120 BC—Destruction of Troy.

x. 1116 BC—Death of Zhou wu wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC–256 BC) of China
x. 1115 BC—Zhou cheng wang becomes king of the Zhou Dynasty of China. (Alternately: 1111 BC)
x. 1115 BC—Tiglath-Pileser I becomes king of Assyria.

x. 1104 BC—Foundation of Cadiz, Spain.
x. 1100 BC—Tiglath-Pileser I of Assyria conquers the Hittites.
c. 1100 BC—The Dorians invade Ancient Greece.
c. 1100 BC—Mycenaean era ends with the destruction of that civilisation. The collapse of Mycenaean dominance starts.
c. 1100 BC—Late Minoan culture ends.
c. 1100 BC—Greek Dark Ages begin.
c. 1100 BC—Beginning of the proto-Villanovan culture in northern Italy.
c. 1100 BC—The New Kingdom in Egypt comes to an end.
c. 1100 BC—Shang Dynasty ends in China.
a. 1100 BC-King David is ruler over Israel.
c. 1100 BC—Zarathustra is born.
a. 1100 BC—Alphabet developed by Phoenicians.
a. 1100 BC—MUL.APIN developed by Assyrians: an ancient catalog of constellations.

x. 1090 BC—or the Year of the Hyenas, in the reign of Ramesses XI, there was a collapse in Egypt's economy leading to the emergence of tomb robbers. Because of this, it was also the last year that the Valley of the Kings was used for burial.

a. 1089 BC- Iron Age continues. The 1080s BC witnessed the early years of the Iron Age. Many of the great powers of the High Bronze Age in the Western Mediterranean had either collapsed or been severely weakened. It was during this time that previously minor powers, those being the Assyrian empire based in Mesopotamia and the Israelites and Phoenicians based in the Levant, began to emerge.

x. 1089 BC—Melanthus, legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 37 years and is succeeded by his son Codrus.
a. 1084 BC-Herihor, the high-priest of Amon, usurps Ramesses XI's authority, becoming the de facto ruler of Upper Egypt.
x. 1082 BC-Babylonia suffers from a severe famine.
c. 1081 BC-Herihor dies.
a. 1080 BC-Transition from New Kingdom Period to Third Intermediate Period in Egypt begins.

x. 1079 BC—Death of Zhou cheng wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 1078 BC—Zhou kang wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
c. 1075 BC—New Kingdom ends in Ancient Egypt (Another date is 1200 BC).

c. 1069 BC — End of New Kingdom in Ancient Egypt.
c. 1069 BC - Third Intermediate Period of Egypt starts.
x. 1069 BC — Ramses XI dies, ending the Twentieth Dynasty. He is succeeded by Smendes I, who founds the Twenty-first Dynasty.

x. 1068 BC — Codrus, legendary King of Athens, dies in battle against Dorian invaders after a reign of 21 years. Athenian tradition considers him the last King to have held absolute power. Modern historians consider him the last King whose life account is part of Greek mythology. He is succeeded by his son Medon.

x. 1053 BC—Death of Zhou kang wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of Ancient China.
x. 1052 BC—Zhou zhao wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of Ancient China.
x. 1051 BC—Saul becomes the first King of Ancient Israel.
x. 1050 BC—Philistines capture the Ark of the Covenant from Israel in battle. (Approximate date)
c. 1050 BC—Shang Dynasty ends in Ancient China. Zhou Dynasty starts in Ancient China.
c. 1050 BC—Proto-Geometric period starts in Ancient Greece.

x. 1048 BC—Medon, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 20 years and is succeeded by his son Acastus.
x. 1046 BC—Following the Battle of Muye, King Wu of Zhou overthrows the Shang Dynasty Chinese King Di Xin and founds the Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC–256 BC).
x. 1044 BC—On the death of Smendes I, king of Egypt, he is succeeded by two co-regents, Psusennes I and Neferkare Amenemnisu.
x. 1041 BC-Some sources propose this as the date of King David's birth
a. 1040 BC-Shu Du of Cai

x. 1039 BC—Neferkare Amenemnisu, king of Egypt, dies.
x. 1031 BC-Shalmaneser II becomes King of Assyria
C. 1030 BC—The Belknap Volcano Erupts in The State of Oregon.
x. 1037 BC—David born

x. 1027 BC—Traditional date for the end of the Shang Dynasty in China, and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty.
c. 1025 BC—Collapse of Mycenaean dominance ends.
a. 1020 BC—destruction of Troy.
x. 1020 BC—Saul the King becomes the first king of the Israelites.

x. 1012 BC—Acastus, Archon of Athens, dies after a reign of 36 years and is succeeded by his son Archippus. Solar Eclipse seen in Ugarit from 6:09 PM to 6:39 PM, May 9.

x. 1010 BC—Uzzah, King of Judah dies, believed to have been smitten by God for violating divine law by touching the Ark of the Covenant.
x. 1006 BC—David becomes king of the ancient Israelites (traditional date 1006 BC–965 BC).
x. 1002 BC—Death of Zhou zhao wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 1001 BC—Zhou mo wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
a. 1000 BC-Earliest evidence of farming in the Kenya highlands.
c. 1000 BC—Iron Age starts.
c. 1000 BC—Latins come to Italy from the Danube region.
c. 1000 BC—Archaeological evidence obtained from inscriptions excavated in 2005 dates the Tamil language, a classical language spoken in India.
c. 1000 BC—Assyrians started to conquer neighbouring regions.
x. 1000 BC—World population: 50,000,000
x. 1000 BC—Priene, Western Turkey is founded.
c. 1000 BC—Hungarian separates from its closest linguistic relatives, the Ob-Ugric languages.
c. 1000 BC—Saul.
c. 1000 BC—Ancient Iranian peoples enter Persia.
c. 1000 BC—Iron is introduced in Ancient India.
c. 1000 BC—Villanovans occupy the northern and western Italy.
a. 1000 BC-Phoenician alphabet is invented.
c. 1000 BC-Rice is cultivated in Ancient Japan.
a. 1000 BC-1000 BC - Early Horizon period starts in the Andes.
c. 1000 BC-Chavin culture starts in the Andes.
c. 1000 BC-Paracas culture starts in the Andes.
c. 1000 BC—Historical beginning of the peoples we later know as Illyrians
a. 1000 BC-600-Zoroaster, ancient Iranian prophet (approximate date, estimate ranges)

x. 998 BC—King David establishes Jerusalem as the capital of the Kingdom of Israel.
b. 997 BC-Foundation of Temple laid in the 4th year of Solomon's reign, 480th year after the Exodus. 1 Kings 6:1
x. 993 BC—Amenemope succeeds Psusennes I as king of Egypt.
x. 993 BC—Archippus, Archon of Athens dies after a reign of 19 years and is succeeded by his son Thersippus.

x. 984 BC—Osorkon the Elder succeeds Amenemope as king of Egypt.
x. 982 BC—The end of first period (1197 BC–982 BC) by Sau Yung's concept of the I Ching and history.

x. 978 BC—Siamun succeeds Osorkon the Elder as king of Egypt.
a. 970 BC-Possible date of the death of King David.

x. 967 BC—Tiglath-Pileser II becomes King of Assyria.
x. 967 BC—Solomon becomes king of the Israelites. (962 BC—traditional date)
x. 965 BC—David, king of the ancient Israelites, died.
b. 961 BC-The United Monarchy splits into two rival kingdoms: Israel in the north and Judah in the south. 1 Kings 12

x. 959 BC—Psusennes II succeeds Siamun as king of Egypt.
x. 957 BC—The reign of Mu Wang of the Zhou Dynasty ends.
x. 952 BC—Thersippus, King of Athens dies after a reign of 41 years and is succeeded by his son Phorbas.

x. 950 BC—Northern Egypt starts to be ruled by Libyan pharaohs. The Libyans build cities and for the first time a sturdy urban life grows up in the Nile Delta.

c. 950 BC–800 BC—Some early parts of the Bible are written.

x. 949 BC Mahaparinirvana of the historical Buddha Shakyamuni Siddharta, according to far eastern schools of Buddhism.
x. 947 BC—Death of Zhou mo wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 946 BC—Zhou gong wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 945 BC—Egypt: Psusennes III dies, the last king of the Twenty-first Dynasty. Shoshenq I succeeds him, the founder of the 22nd Dynasty.
x. 940 BC—The Temple of Solomon was finished being built.

Middle Iron Age 935-700 (235)

x. 935 BC—Death of Zhou gong wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 935 BC—Death of Tiglath-Pileser II king of Assyria.
x. 934 BC—Ashur-dan II succeeds his father as King of Assyria.
x. 934 BC—Zhou yi wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 931 BC—Solomon dies in Jerusalem. The Kingom of Israel is split into two nations: Israel in the north and Judah in the south.

x. 928 BC—On the death of King Solomon, his son Rehoboam is unable to hold the tribes of Israel together, and the northern part secedes to become the kingdom of Israel, making Jeroboam its king. Rehoboam was left to rule the kingdom of Judah.
x. 925 BC—Military conquest of Canaan by Shoshenq I.
x. 922 BC—Osorkon I succeeds his father Shoshenq I as king of Egypt.
x. 922 BC—Phorbas, Archon of Athens, dies after a reign of 30 years and is succeeded by his son Megacles.

x. 915 BC (by William F. Albright)—Death of Rehoboam, King of the ancient Kingdom of Judah.
x. 912 BC—Adad-nirari II succeeds his father Ashur-Dan II as king of Assyria.
x. 911 BC—Abijah, king of Judah, dies.
x. 910 BC—Death of Zhou yi wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 909 BC-Zhou xiao wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 909 BC-Jeroboam, the first king of the northern Hebrew kingdom of Israel, dies and is succeeded by his son Nadab.

c. 900 BC-The inhabitants of the Aegean region establish small, distinct groups in valleys, on coastal plains and on islands, living in self-sufficient, close-knit communities but all speaking some form of the same language.

c. 900 BC-San Lorenzo, the center of early Olmec culture, is destroyed, probably by migrating peoples from the north, and power passes to La Venta in Tabasco.

c. 900 BC-the Villanovan culture emerges in northern Italy (Villanovan II).
x. 900 BC-Kingdom of Kush.
c. 900 BC-Greek Dark Ages end.
c. 900 BC-Geometric period of vases starts in Ancient Greece.
c. 900 BC-La Venta starts to thrive.
c. 900 BC-Colossal head (no. 4) from La Venta, Mexico, is made. Olmec culture. It is now kept at La Venta Park, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.
c. 900 BC-600-Great Pyramid and ball court, La Venta, Mexico, is built. Olmec culture.

x. 895 BC—Death of Zhou xiao wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 894 BC—Zhou yi wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 892 BC—Megacles, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 30 years and is succeeded by his son Diognetus.
x. 891 BC—Tukulti-Ninurta II succeeds his father Adad-nirari II as king of Assyria.
x. 889 BC—Takelot I succeeds his father Osorkon I as king of Egypt.
x. 883 BC—Assurnasirpal II succeeds his father Tukulti-Ninurta II as king of Assyria. Moved capital to Kalhu (modern Nimrud).
x. 883 BC-859-Human-Headed Winged Lion (Lamassu), palace of Assurnasirpal II, Assyria, Kalhu (modern Nimrud, Iraq). Metropolitan Art, NY.

x. 879 BC—Death of Zhou yi wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 879 BC—Kalhu is dedicated. Some historians say that Assurnasirpal II gives a banquet for 69,574 persons to celebrate it.
x. 878 BC—Zhou li wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 874 BC—Shoshenq II succeeds Takelot I as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.
x. 874 BC—Ahab becomes king of Israel (approximate date).
x. 872 BC—An exceptionally high flood of the Nile covers the floors of the Temple of Luxor.
x. 872 BC—Osorkon II succeeds Shoshenq II as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.

x. 865 BC—Kar Kalmaneser was conquered by the Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II.
x. 864 BC—Diognetus, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 28 years and is succeeded by his son Pherecles.
x. 860 BC—The kingdom of Urartu is unified.

x. 859 BC—Assurnasirpal II dies.
x. 859 BC—Shalmaneser attacks Syria and Palestine.
x. 858 BC—Aramu becomes king of Urartu.
x. 858 BC—Shalmaneser III succeeds Assurnasirpal II as king of Assyria.
x. 854 BC-853—Shalmaneser III battles a Syrian coalition (including king Ahab of Kingdom of Israel and Hadadezer) in the battle of Karkar.
a. 850 BC-Nazarites and Rechabites establish early temperance movement.
x. 850 BC—Takelot II succeeds Osorkon II as King of Egypt.
c. 850 BC—Homer writes the Iliad and Odyssey.
c. 850 BC—Assurnasirpal II killing lions, palace complex of Assurnasirpal II in Kalhu (modern Nimrud, Iraq) is made. British Museum, London.
c. 850 BC—the Mesha Stele, the Moabite Stone; the story is 34 lines, reveals the story of Mesha's revolt againt Israel.

x. 845 BC—Pherecles, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 19 years and is succeeded by his son Ariphron.
x. 842 BC—Shalmaneser III devastates the territory of Damascus; Israel and the Phoenician cities send tribute.
x. 841 BC—Exile of King Li of Zhou Dynasty, and the Gonghe Regency, began. Records of the Grand Historian
x. 841 BC—(Sima Qian by 91 BC) regards this year as the first year of consecutive annual dating of Chinese history.

x. 836 BC—Shalmaneser III of Assyria leads an expedition against the Tabareni.
x. 836 BC—Civil war breaks out in Egypt.

x. 828 BC-827-King Xuan becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China, ending almost two decades of the Gonghe regency.
x. 825 BC—Takelot II, king of Egypt, dies. Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.
x. 825 BC-824-Ariphron, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 20 years and is succeeded by his son Thespieus.
x. 823 BC—Death of Shalmaneser III, king of Assyria. He is succeeded by his son Shamshi-Adad V.
x. 820 BC—Pygmalion ascends the throne of Tyre.

x. 817 BC—Pedubastis I declares himself king of Egypt, founding the Twenty-third Dynasty.
x. 814 BC—Carthage founded by Dido (traditional date).
x. 811 BC—Adad-nirari III succeeds his father Shamshi-Adad V as king of Assyria.

x. 804 BC—Adad-nirari III of Assyria conquers Damascus.
x. 804 BC—Death of Pedubastis I, pharaoh.
c. 800 BC—Greek Dark Ages end.
c. 800 BC-The Upanishads are composed.
c. 800 BC–700—Pre-Etruscan period in Italy. Etruscan civilization.
x. 800 BC-The Olmecs build pyramids.

x. 797 BC—Ardysus I becomes king of Lydia.
x. 797 BC—Thespieus, Archon of Athens, dies after a reign of 27 years and is succeeded by his son Agamestor.
x. 796 BC-Adad-Nirari III captures Damascus after a siege against King Ben-Hadad III.
c. 790 BC-Adad-Nirari III conducts a raid against the Chaldeans.

x. 783 BC—Shalmaneser IV succeeds his father Adad-nirari III as king of Assyria.
x. 782 BC—Founding of Erebuni by the orders of King Argishtis I at the site of current-day Yerevan.
x. 782 BC—Death of Zhou xuan wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
x. 781 BC—Zhou you wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.

x. 778 BC—Agamestor, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 17 years and is succeeded by his son Aeschylus.
x. 776 BC–394AD—Era of the ancient Greek Olympic Games.
x. 776 BC—First Olympic Games, according to Diodorus Siculus (of the 1st century BC).
x. 774 BC—End of the reign of king Pygmalion of Tyre.
x. 773 BC—Death of Shoshenq III, king of Egypt.
x. 773 BC—Ashur-Dan III succeeds his brother Shalmaneser IV as king of Assyria.
x. 772 BC—The Eastern Zhou Dynasty was founded.
x. 771 BC—Traditional Birthdate of Romulus and Remus, Romulus as the traditional founder of Rome.

x. 771 BC—End of the Western Zhou Dynasty in China as Quanrong nomads from the west together with Zhou vassals sack the capital Haojing and kill the monarch King You of Zhou. Crown Prince Ji Yijiu escapes to later reign as King Ping of Zhou.

x. 770 BC—Beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in China as King Ping of Zhou becomes the first King of the Zhou to rule from the new capital of Chengzhou (later known as Luoyang).

a. 767 BC-Amaziah of Judah dies.
c. 765 BC-Alara of Nubia, King of Kuch dies.

x. 763 BC—June 15—A solar eclipse at this date (in month Sivan) is used to fix the chronology of the Ancient Near East. However, it requires Nisan 1 to fall on March 20, 763 BC, which was 8 to 9 days before the vernal equinox (March 28/29 at that time) and Babylonians never started their calendar year before the spring equinox.

a. 763 BC-Argishtis I of Urartu dies.
a. 760 BC-Marduk-apla-usur and Eriba-Marduk, kings of Babylon die.
a. 760 BC-Archilaus, king of Sparta dies.
a. 760 BC-Rivallo, legendary king of the Britons dies. His reign was troubled by disasters.
x. 759 BC-Alexander king of Corinth killed by his successor Telestes.
x. 757 BC—Duke Zhuang of Zheng, China Born.
x. 756 BC—Founding of Cyzicus.
x. 754 BC-Latins move into Italy
x. 755 BC—Ashur-nirari V succeeds Ashur-Dan III as king of Assyria.
x. 755 BC—Aeschylus, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 23 years and is succeeded by Alcmaeon.
x. 753 BC—Alcmaeon, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 2 years. He is replaced by Harops, elected Archon for a ten-year term.

x. 753 BC—The city of Rome and the Roman Kingdom is founded, according to Roman tradition, and is ruled by Rome's first king, Romulus. Beginning of the Roman 'Ab urbe condita' calendar. Rome adopts the Etruscan alphabet, which the Etruscans themselves had adopted from the Greeks. Set by Varro, this was the most common date used.

x. 752 BC—Romulus, first king of Rome, celebrates the first Roman triumph after his victory over the Caeninenses, following the Rape of the Sabine Women. He celebrates a further triumph later in the year over the Antemnates.

c. 750 BC—Man and Centaur, perhaps from Olympia, is made. It is now at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
c. 750 BC—Age of colonisation begins.
c. 750 BC—Greeks establish colonies in Italy and Sicily.
c. 750 BC—First tyrants take their seats.
c. 750 BC-700—Funerary Vase (Krater), Dipylon Cemetery, Athens. Attributed to Hirschfield. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

x. 747 BC—February 26 – Nabonassar becomes king of Babylonia.
x. 747 BC—Meles becomes king of Lydia.
c. 747 BC—Third Intermediate Period of Egypt ends. Late Period of ancient Egypt starts. Nubian period starts in Ancient Egypt.
c. 747 BC—Piye starts to rule in Ancient Egypt.
x. 745 BC—The Crown of Assyria seized by Pul, who takes the name Tiglath-Pileser III.
x. 745 BC—Legendary death of Titus Tatius Roman King (Diarchy with con Romulus ).
x. 743 BC—Duke Zhuang of the Chinese state of Zheng comes to power.
x. 743 BC—Beginning of the First Messenian War.
x. 740 BC—Tiglath-Pileser III conquers the city of Arpad in Syria after two years of siege.
x. 740 BC—Start of Ahaz's reign of Judah.

x. 739 BC—Hiram II becomes king of Tyre.
x. 738 BC—King Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria invades Israel, forcing it to pay tribute.
x. 738 BC—The Biskupin settlement northeast of Poznan (Poland) is built.
x. 735 BC—Naxos in Sicily founded as a colony of Chalcis in Euboea. (traditional date)
x. 734 BC—Syracuse founded in Sicily as a joint colony of Corinth and Tenea, under the leadership of Archias
x. 732 BC—Hoshea becomes the last king of Israel.
x. 730 BC—Northern Egypt ceases to be ruled by Libyan pharaohs.
x. 730 BC—Osorkon IV succeeds Sheshonq IV as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.
x. 730 BC—Piye succeeds his father, Kashta, as king of the Nubian kingdom of Napata.
x. 730 BC—Mattan II succeeds Hiram II as king of Tyre.
x. 730 BC—Leontini in Sicily is founded by colonists from Naxos

x. 729 BC—Tiglath-Pileser III officially crowned sovereign of Asia in Babylon.
x. 729 BC—Hezekiah succeeds Ahaz as king of Judah (or 726 BC).
x. 729 BC—Luli succeeds Mattan II as king of Tyre.
x. 728 BC—Death of Tiglath-Pileser III, king of Assyria (or 727 BC).
x. 728 BC—Piye invades Egypt, conquers Memphis, receives submission of the rulers of the Nile Delta, founding the 25th dynasty of Egypt.
x. 727 BC—Babylonia makes itself independent of Assyria, upon the death of Tiglath-Pileser III.
x. 727 BC—Death of Tiglath-Pileser III, king of Assyria (or 728 BC).
x. 727 BC—Shalmaneser V becomes king of Assyria (dies 723 BC).
x. 727 BC—Tefnakhte founds the Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt.
x. 726 BC—Hezekiah succeeds Ahaz as king of Judah (or 729 BC).
x. 725 BC—Bakenranef (also known as Bocchoris) succeeds his father Tefnakhte as king of the 24th dynasty of Egypt.
x. 725 BC—Shalmaneser V starts a 3 year siege of Israel
x. 725 BC—Sparta conquers the neighboring region of Messenia and takes over the land.
x. 724 BC—The Assyrians start a four-year siege of Tyre.
x. 724 BC—The diaulos footrace introduced at the Olympics.
x. 724 BC—Ahaz, king of Judah (740 BC–726 BC) dies.
x. 723 BC—Shalmaneser V, king of Assyria, dies.
x. 723 BC—Sargon succeeds Shalmaneser V as king of Assyria.
x. 722 BC—Spring and Autumn Period of China's history begins as King Zhou ping wang of the Zhou Dynasty reigns in name only.
x. 722 BC—Northern Kingdom of Israel is conquered by Assyrian king Sargon II.
x. 721 BC—Sargon II starts to rule. He builds a new capital at Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad).
x. 721 BC—Shabaka succeeds his father Piye as king of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt.
x. 720 BC—Shabaka kills Bakenranef (Bocchoris), ending the Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt
x. 720 BC—Death of Zhou ping wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
c. 720 BC—Guan Zhong, political adviser of Qi in eastern Ancient China.
x. 720 BC—End of the Assyrian siege of Tyre.
c. 720 BC—Guardian figure, from the entrance to the throne room at palace of Sargon II. Oriental Institute, Chicago.

b. 719 BC-Northern kingdom of Israel falls to Assyria
a. 719 BC-Judah, Tyre and Sidon revolt against Assyria.
x. 719 BC—Zhou Huan Wang of the Zhou Dynasty becomes ruler of China.
x. 718 BC—Gyges becomes the ruler of Lydia.
x. 717 BC—Assyrian king Sargon conquers the Hittites stronghold of Carchemish.
x. 717 BC—Sargon II founds a new capital for Assyria at Dur-Sharrukin.
x. 717 BC–716 BC—Sargon II leads his armies in a sweeping attack along the Philistine coast, where he defeated the pharaoh.
x. 716 BC—Roman legend marks this as the date that Romulus ended his rule.
x. 716 BC—Piye dies.
x. 715 BC—Osorkon IV dies, ending the 22nd dynasty of Egypt.
x. 715 BC—Start of the reign of the second King of Rome—Numa Pompilius.
c. 715 BC—Conquest of Messenia by Sparta ends.
x. 713 BC—Birth of semi-legendary Zalmoxis in Dacia.
x. 713 BC—Numa Pompilius reforms the Roman calendar.
x. 712 BC—Numa Pompilius creates the office of Pontifex Maximus.
c. 710 BC—Medes is united.

x. 706 BC—Spartan immigrants found Taras (Tarentum, the modern Taranto) colony in southern Italy.
x. 706 BC—Sargon II dies.
x. 705 BC—Sennacherib succeeds his father Sargon II as king of Assyria.
x. 704 BC—Sennacherib moves the capital of Assyria to Nineveh.
x. 701 BC—Death of Duke Zhuang of Zheng, China.
x. 701 BC—Miraculous deliverance from Assyria; King Hezekiah of Judah, backed by Nubian Empire, revolts against king Sennacherib of Assyria.
x. 701 BC—Sennacherib sacks many Israelite cities, but fails in his attempt to take Jerusalem.
x. 700 BC—The Scythians start settling in Cimmerian areas, slowly replacing the previous inhabitants.
x. 700 BC—End of the Villanovan culture in northern Italy and rise of the Etruscan civilization.
x. 700 BC—The Upanishads, a sacred text of Hinduism, are written around this time.
c. 700 BC—Geometric period of vases ends in Ancient Greece. Orientalizing period of vases starts. It starts in Corinth.
c. 700 BC—Hesiod writes "Theogony".
c. 700 BC–509—Etruscan supremacy period in Italy.
x. 700 BC–Cities again begin to appear on the Indian subcontinent, especially in the north.

Incomplete, Un-Formated, Un-Adjusted Swing Draft for High, Mid & Low Chrono's

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ussher_chronology
4004 BC - Creation
2349 BC_2348-Noah's Flood
1921 BC - God's call to Abraham
1491 BC - The Exodus from Egypt
1012 BC - Founding of the Temple in Jerusalem
0586 BC - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon and the beginning of the Babylonian Captivity
0005 BC - Birth of Jesus

http://www.bible-history.com/resource/r_time.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bible
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Jewish_history
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_periods_in_the_region_of_Palestine

http://www.abiblestudy.com/part2.html 2343 B.C. - 1446 B.C.
http://www.abiblestudy.com/part3.html 1446 B.C. - 582 B.C.

b. 1630 BC- Joseph dies in Egypt at the age of 110. He was embalmed and put in a coffin in Egypt. Joseph lived to see the
3rd generation of Ephraim's children. The children of Machir, the son of Manasseh, were also brought up on Joseph's knee.
[Gen 50: 22, 26] The fact that Joseph's body was not taken to Canaan for burial, is a good reason to believe that the reign
of the Hyksos was nearly at an end, and they were at war with Kamose, son of Sekenerre. Age of living Patriarch's Reuben 116,
Simeon 115, Levi 114, Judah & Dan 113,Naphtali, Issachar & Gad 112, Asher & Zebulun 111, Benjamin 104, Manasseh 79, Ephraim 75.

b. 1615 BC-Joseph dies. Genesis 50:26
b. 1607 BC-Levi dies in Egypt at 137. [Exo 6:16] Joseph and all his brothers, and all that generation died. [Exo. 1:6-7]
b. 1581 BC-Kohath, Levi's second son, died in Egypt at the age of 133. [Exo 6:18]
b. 1570 BC-Hyksos expelled from Egypt; Amose I founds 18th dynasty
b. 1560 BC_1557-Aaron, son of Amram with Jochebed, born. Exodus 7:7

b. 1548 BC-Amenhotep I becomes pharaoh of Egypt, Hebrew midwives ordered to destroy all Hebrew male children
b. 1529 BC-Amram, c. 134, who possibly married Jochebed (his father's sister) much earlier, begat Aaron. [Exo 6: 20]
b. 1528 BC-Thutmose I becomes pharaoh, All newborn Hebrew males are to be cast into the Nile
b. 1525 BC-Moses born
b. 1510 BC-Thutmose II becomes pharaoh
b. 1504 BC-Hatshepsut becomes pharaoh
b. 1487 BC-Moses flees Egypt
b. 1483 BC-Thutmose III becomes pharaoh, The great oppression of the Hebrews begins

b. 1476 BC-The Israelites leave in a mass exodus from Egypt. Genesis 15:13, 1 Kings 6:1, 12
b. 1450 BC-Amenhotep II becomes pharaoh
b. 1437 BC-Moses and Aaron die. Deuteronomy 34:7
b. 1436 BC-The Israelites enter Canaan. Joshua 4:19

b. 1407 BC-Moses dies; Joshua conquers Canaan

b. 1377 BC-Akhnaton becomes pharaoh; inaugurates monotheistic reforms
b. 1375 BC-Othniel becomes judge
c. 1330 BC-Amarna letters correspondence between vassal Canaanite rulers and Amenhotep III

b. 1319 BC-Ehud becomes judge
b. 1318 BC-Rameses I founds the 19th dynasty in Egypt
b. 1240 BC-Deborah and Barak judge Israel
b. 1194 BC-Gideon becomes judge

x. 1178 BC-The Battle of Djahy (Canaan) between Ramesses III and the Sea Peoples
a. 1178 BC-Egyptian decline in power of the New Kingdom and in the Levant during the Bronze Age collapse

b. 1167 BC-Eli born
b. 1155 BC-Abimelech usurps power in Israel
b. 1152 BC-Tola becomes judge

a. 1150 BC-Collapse of Canaanite cities, rapid settlement increase in hill country and Transjordan

b. 1131 BC-Jair becomes judge
b. 1109 BC-Eli becomes priest
b. 1105 BC-Samuel born
b. 1089 BC-Jephthah becomes judge
b. 1083 BC-Ibzan becomes judge
b. 1071 BC-Elon becomes judge, Samson becomes judge

b. 1071 BC-Jesse begets David. 2 Samuel 5:4

b. 1069 BC-Samuel begins to minister
b. 1066 BC-Abdon becomes judge

b. 1047 BC_1007 King Saul reigns
b. 1041 BC_1001-David reigns as king of Israel. 1 Kings 2:11 - reigns for 40 years

b. 1034 BC-David moves his capitol from Hebron to Jerusalem. 1 Kings 2:11

b. 1001 BC_961-Solomon son of David reigns as king of Israel. 1 Kings 11:42
b. 0997 BC-Foundation of Temple laid in the 4th year of Solomon's reign. 480th year after the Exodus. 1 Kings 6:1

b. 0961 BC-The United Monarchy splits into two rival kingdoms: Israel in the north and Judah in the south. 1 Kings 12
b. 0961 BC_943-Rehoboam son of Solomon reigns as king of Judah (Albright: 922–915 BC; Thiele: 931–913 BC)
b. 0961 BC_939-Jeroboam I son of Nebat reigns as king of Israel
b. 0950 BC-Jahvehist Source of the Torah is written
b. 0944 BC_941-Abijam son of Rehoboam reigns as king of Judah
b. 0941 BC_900-Asa son of Abijam reigns as king of Judah
b. 0939 BC_938-Nadab son of Jeroboam I reigns as king of Israel
b. 0938 BC_915-Baasha reigns as king of Israel
b. 0915 BC_914-Elah son of Baasha reigns as king of Israel
b. 0914 BC-Zimri reigns as king of Israel
b. 0914 BC_913-Tibni reigns as king of Israel
b. 0913 BC_903-Omri reigns as king of Israel
b. 0903 BC_882-Ahab son of Omri reigns as king of Israel
b. 0900 BC_875-Jehoshaphat son of Asa reigns as king of Judah
b. 0882 BC_881-Ahaziah son of Ahab reigns as king of Israel
b. 0877 BC_870-Jehoram (Joram) son of Jehoshaphat reigns as king of Judah
b. 0875 BC_870-Joram (Jehoram) son of Ahab reigns as king of Israel
b. 0870 BC_870-Ahaziah son of Jehoram reigns as king of Judah
b. 0870 BC_864-Athaliah wife of Jehoram rules over Judah
b. 0870 BC_841-Jehu son of Nimshi reigns as king of Israel
b. 0864 BC_824-Joash (Jehoash) son of Ahaziah reigns as king of Judah
b. 0841 BC_824-Jehoahaz son of Jehu reigns as king of Israel
b. 0826 BC_811-Jehoash (Joash) son of Jehoahaz reigns as king of Israel
b. 0825 BC_796-Amaziah son of Joash reigns as king of Judah
b. 0822 BC_770-Jeroboam II son of Jehoash reigns as king of Israel
b. 0808 BC_756-Uzziah (Azariah) son of Amaziah reigns as king of Judah
a. 0800 BC-Intrusion of Assyria and then Babylon into the region, states and cities lose independence.
b. 0800 BC-Elohist Source of the Torah is written
b. 0771 BC_770-Zechariah son of Jeroboam II reigns as king of Israel
b. 0770 BC-Shallum reigns as king of Israel
b. 0770 BC_759-Menahem son of Gadi reigns as king of Israel
b. 0759 BC_757-Pekahiah son of Menahem reigns as king of Israel
b. 0757 BC_740-Jotham son of Uzziah reigns as king of Judah
b. 0758 BC_737-Pekah son of Remaliah reigns as king of Israel
b. 0741 BC_725-Ahaz son of Jotham reigns as king of Judah
b. 0737 BC_719-Hoshea son of Elah reigns as king of Israel
a. 0732 BC-The Leviant becomes enslaved or vassals of the Assyrian Empire under Tiglath Pileser III
b. 0725 BC_696-Hezekiah son of Ahaz reigns as king of Judah
b. 0719 BC-Northern kingdom of Israel falls to Assyria
 

Doppleganger

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Anyways, thats all I got , thats it for a while, maybe 2 months, 2 years, till Jesus comes back? I don't know.

People who claim history is a fact in these earlier periods, only goes to show that, that opinion cannot be justified.

I need to speak in tables, columns, rows, times, periods, kings, events, cultures, etc ... It aint there, so I gotta make it.

Times in lines, kings lists, events, culture, art, events, pictures, maps, etc...

This maybe last of this thread, Though the news is interesting, prophetic.
 

Doppleganger

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One last very incomplete Kings list, before I go.
Date BC Mesopotamian Egyptian Co- Regent
Babylon Thebes Hyksos
1645 Ammisaduqa Rahotep ?
1644 Ammisaduqa
1643 Ammisaduqa
1642 Ammisaduqa
1641 Ammisaduqa
1649 Ammisaduqa
1639 Ammisaduqa
1638 Ammisaduqa
1637 Ammisaduqa
1636 Ammisaduqa
1635 Ammisaduqa
1634 Ammisaduqa
1633 Ammisaduqa
1632 Ammisaduqa
1631 Ammisaduqa
1630 Ammisaduqa
1629 Ammisaduqa
1628 Ammisaduqa
1627 Ammisaduqa
1626 Ammisaduqa
1625 Samsuditana
1624 Samsuditana Rahotep ?
1623 Samsuditana Sobekemsaf I ?
1622 Samsuditana
1621 Samsuditana Sobekemsaf I ?
1620 Samsuditana Intef VI ?
1619 Samsuditana
1618 Samsuditana
1617 Samsuditana
1616 Samsuditana
1615 Samsuditana
1614 Samsuditana
1613 Samsuditana
1612 Samsuditana
1611 Samsuditana
1610 Samsuditana
1609 Samsuditana
1608 Samsuditana
1607 Samsuditana
1606 Samsuditana Intef VI ?
1605 Samsuditana Intef VII ?
1604 Samsuditana
1603 Samsuditana
1602 Samsuditana
1601 Samsuditana
1600 Samsuditana
1599 Samsuditana
1598 Samsuditana
1597 Samsuditana
1596 Samsuditana
1595 Samsuditana
1594 Old Babylon Ends Intef VII ?
1593 Dark Ages Intef VIII ?
1592
1591
1590
1589
1588
1587
1586
1585
1584
1583
1582
1581 Intef VIII ?
1580 Sobekemsaf II ?
1579
1578
1577
1576
1575
1574
1573
1572 Sobekemsaf II ?
1571 NEW KGDM HYKSOS
1570 Ahmose I ?
1569 *Kamose
1568 *Kamose
1567 *Kamose
1566 *Kamose
1565 *Kamose
1564 *Kamose
1563
1562
1561
1560
1559
1558 *Tao I Elder
1557 *Tao II Brave
1556 *Tao II Brave
1555 *Tao II Brave
1554 *Tao II Brave
1553
1552
1551 Ahmose I ?
1550 Ahmose I
1549 Ahmose I
1548 Ahmose I
1547 Ahmose I
1546 Ahmose I
1545 Ahmose I
1544 Ahmose I
1543 *Amenhotep I
1542 *Amenhotep I
1541 *Amenhotep I
1540 *Amenhotep I
1539 *Amenhotep I
1538 *Amenhotep I
1537 *Amenhotep I
1536 *Amenhotep I
1535 *Amenhotep I
1534 *Amenhotep I
1533 *Amenhotep I
1532 *Amenhotep I
1531 *Amenhotep I
1530 *Amenhotep I
1529 *Amenhotep I
1528 *Amenhotep I
1527 *Amenhotep I
1526 *Amenhotep I
1525 *Amenhotep I
1524 Amenhotep I
1523 Amenhotep I
1522 Amenhotep I
1521 Amenhotep I
1520 *Thutmose I Nefertari ?
1519 *Thutmose I
1518 *Thutmose I
1517 *Thutmose I
1516 *Thutmose I
1515 *Thutmose I
1514 *Thutmose I
1513 *Thutmose I
1512 *Thutmose I
1511 *Thutmose I
1510 *Thutmose I
1509 *Thutmose I
1508 *Thutmose I
1507 *Thutmose I
1506 *Thutmose I
1505 Thutmose I
1504 Thutmose I
1503 Thutmose I
1502 Thutmose I
1501 Thutmose I
1500 Thutmose I
1499 Thutmose I
1498 Thutmose I
1497 Thutmose I
1496 Thutmose I
1495 Thutmose I Nefertari ?
1494 Thutmose I
1493 Thutmose I
1492 *Thutmose II
1491 Thutmose II
1490 Thutmose II
1489 Thutmose II
1488 Thutmose II
1487 Thutmose II
1486 Thutmose II
1485 Thutmose II
1484 Thutmose II
1483 Thutmose II
1482 Thutmose II
1481 Thutmose II
1480 Thutmose II
1479 Thutmose II
1478 Thutmose II
1477 Thutmose II
1476 Thutmose II
1475 Thutmose II
1474 Thutmose II
1473 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1472 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1471 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1470 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1469 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1468 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1467 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1466 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1465 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1464 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1463 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1462 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1461 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1460 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1459 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1458 Thutmose II Hatshepsut
1457 Thutmose II
1456 Thutmose II
1455 Thutmose II
1454 Thutmose II
1453 Thutmose II
1452 Thutmose II
1451 Thutmose II
1450 Thutmose II
1449 Thutmose II
1448 Thutmose II
1447 Thutmose II
1446 Thutmose II
1445 Thutmose II
1444 Thutmose II
1443 Thutmose II
1442 Thutmose II
1441 Thutmose II
1440 Thutmose II
1439 Thutmose II
1438 Thutmose II
1437 Thutmose II
1436 Thutmose II
1435 Thutmose II
1434 Thutmose II
1433 Thutmose II
1432 Thutmose II
1431 Thutmose II
1430 Thutmose II
1429 Thutmose II
1428 Thutmose II
1427 Thutmose II
1426 Thutmose II
1425 *Amenhotep II
1424 Amenhotep II
1423 Amenhotep II
1422 Amenhotep II
1421 Amenhotep II
1420 Amenhotep II
1419 Amenhotep II
1418 Amenhotep II
1417 Amenhotep II
1416 Amenhotep II
1415 Amenhotep II
1414 Amenhotep II
1413 Amenhotep II
1412 Amenhotep II
1411 Amenhotep II
1410 Amenhotep II
1409 Amenhotep II
1408 Amenhotep II
1407 Amenhotep II
1406 Amenhotep II
1405 Amenhotep II
1404 Amenhotep II
1403 Amenhotep II
1402 Amenhotep II
1401 Amenhotep II
1400 *Thutmose IV
Dark Bronze Age 245 years
Late Bronze 219 years
1399

Late Bronze Age: 1550–1200
Iron Age: 1200–586

1180
Early Iron 243 years
1179 Beginning with Ashur-Dan I, dates are consistent and not subject to middle/short chronology distinctions.

936
Mid Iron 235 years
935

700
Late Iron
 

Doppleganger

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Oh, this should be header for the last post-table (basis earliest start)

http://en.wikipedia....t_of_Ammisaduqa

This Venus tablet is part of Enuma anu enlil ("In the days of Anu and Enlil"), a long text dealing with Babylonian astrology, which mostly consists of omens interpreting celestial phenomena. Several dates for the original observations, as contained in the tablet, were proposed early in the 20th century. The following dates, corresponding to the High, Middle and Low Chronologies, were inferred for the beginning of the lunar observations: 1702, 1646 and 1582.

The tablet's significance for corroborating Babylonian chronology was first recognised by Franz Xaver Kugler in 1912, when he could identify the enigmatic "Year of the Golden Throne" ("Venus" tablet K.160) with the 8th year of the reign of Ammisaduqa. Since then, this 7th-century BC copy has been variously interpreted to support several chronologies in the 2nd millennium BC.

Most assumptions link a fixed lunar calendar to 8-year Venus as a 56 or 64 year cycle of the visibility of Venus. [The staggered intercalary month positions however prove it was not a fixed system][sup][citation needed][/sup] A fixed system, unveils these lunar dates for Venus as 1646-1625 BC (Middle Chronology); they had been miscalculated in our early 20th century as 275 years earlier, 243-year Venus plus 32 years (4 × 8 years), implying that the Biblical Patriarch Abram knew Hammurabi as Amraphel (42 years 2067-2025 BC). Hammurabi was subsequently corrected to 1792-1750 BC, but this is now under challenge by the various Ultra-Low Chronologies. Possibly the Biblical Amraphel matches the 9-year reign of AmarSin of 3rd dynasty Ur (1943-1934 BC) and since the Ur III dynasty ended 25 lunar years later (IbbiSin 1925-1900 BC) the Hindu and Nordic concepts of 1900 BC as Chaldea's year 3600 are understandable.

Many uncertainties remain about the interpretation of the record of astronomical observations of Venus, as preserved in these surviving tablets.

http://en.wikipedia....ransit_of_Venus

http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronology/mesopotamia.html
 

Doppleganger

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Hyksos - those who brought horses
http://www.unexplain...dpost&p=3732973

http://en.wikipedia....iki/Mari,_Syria
Almost all of the tablets found were dated to the last 50 years of Mari's independence (ca. 1800-1750 BC) [Note: Mentions Habiru]

http://debate.org.uk...-qur/bibdoc.htm
(1) The skeptics contended that the Pentateuch could not have been written by Moses, because there was no evidence of any writing that early. Then the Black Stele was found with the detailed laws of Hammurabi which were written 300 years before Moses, and in the same region.

(2) There was much doubt as to the reliability of the Old Testament documents, since the oldest manuscript in our possession was the Massoretic Text, written in 916 A.D. How, the skeptics asked, can we depend on a set of writings whose earliest manuscripts are so recent? Then came the amazing discoveries of the Dead Sea Scrolls written around 125 B.C. These scrolls show us that outside of minute copying errors it is identical to the Massoretic Text and yet it predates it by over 1,000 years! We have further corroboration in the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Hebrew text, translated around 150-200 B.C.

Yet to please the skeptics, the best documentary evidence for the reliability of the Biblical text must come from documents external to the Biblical text themselves. There has always been doubt concerning the stories of Abraham and the Patriarchs found in the books attributed to Moses, the Pentateuch. The skeptics maintained that there is no method of ascertaining their reliability since we have no corroboration from external secular accounts. This has all changed; for instance:

(3) Discoveries from excavations at Nuzu, Mari and Assyrian, Hittite, Sumerian and Eshunna Codes point out that Hebrew poetry, Mosaic legislation as well as the Hebrew social customs all fit the period and region of the patriarchs.

(4) According to the historians there were no Hittites at the time of Abraham, thus the historicity of the Biblical accounts describing them was questionable. Now we know from inscriptions of that period that there were 1,200 years of Hittite civilization, much of it corresponding with the Patriarchal period.

(5) Historians also told us that no such people as the Horites existed. It is these people whom we find mentioned in the genealogy of Esau in Genesis 36:20. Yet now they have been discovered as a group of warriors also living in Mesopotamia during the Patriarchal period.

(6) The account of Daniel, according to the sceptical historians, must have been written in the second century and not the sixth century B.C. because of all the precise historical detail found in its content. Yet now the sixth century's East India Inscription corresponds with the Daniel 4:30 account of Nebuchadnezzar's building, proving that the author of Daniel must have been an eye-witness from that period. Either way it is amazing.

The strongest case for extra-Biblical corroboration of the Patriarchal period is found in four sets of tablets which have been and are continuing to be uncovered from that area of the world. They demonstrate that the Biblical account is indeed historically reliable. Let's briefly look at all four sets of tablets.

(7) *Armana tablets: (from Egypt) mention the Habiru or Apiru in Hebrew, which was first applied to Abraham in Genesis 14:13.

(8) *Ebla tablets: 17,000 tablets from Tell Mardikh (Northern Syria), dating from 2300 B.C., shows us that a thousand years before Moses, laws, customs and events were recorded in writing in that part of the world, and that the judicial proceedings and case laws were very similar to the Deuteronomy law code (i.e. Deuteronomy 22:22-30 codes on punishment for sex offenses). One tablet mentions and lists the five cities of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim and Zoar in the exact sequence which we find in Genesis 14:8! Until these tablets were uncovered the existence of Sodom and Gomorrah had always been in doubt by historians.

(9) *Mari tablets: (from the Euphrates) mentions king Arriyuk, or Arioch of Genesis 14, and lists the towns of Nahor and Harran (from Genesis 24:10), as well as the names Benjamin and Habiru.

(10) *Nuzi tablets: (from Iraq) speaks about a number of customs which we find in the Pentateuch, such as:

a ) a barren wife giving a handmaiden to her husband (i.e. Hagar)
b ) a bride chosen for the son by the father (i.e. Rebekah)
c ) a dowry paid to the father-in-law (i.e. Jacob)
d ) work done to pay a dowry (i.e. Jacob)
e ) the unchanging oral will of a father (i.e. Isaac)
f ) a father giving his daughter a slave-girl (i.e. Leah, Rachel)
g ) the sentence of death for stealing a cult gods (i.e. Jacob).

Because of these extra-Biblical discoveries many of the historians are now changing their position. Thus Joseph Free states: "New discoveries now show us that a host of supposed [Biblical] errors and contradictions are not errors at all:

http://www.imninalu.net/Habiru.htm
Some scholars speculate that the Israelites did not speak Hebrew as their original language but adopted it from their Canaanite neighbours when they moved into that territory. However, the weight of linguistic evidence from around the world speaks against such supposition. Some Egyptian monuments mention an enigmatic people: the "Apiru". In one of these was carved on the stone walls a scene depicting men working at a wine press. Beneath the picture was a title which ran: "Straining out wine by the Apiru". The date of the monument is believed to be during the reign of queen Hatshepshut and Tutmose III, about the year 2290 (1470 b.c.e.). Scholars immediately recognized the similarity of the word "Apiru" to "Hebrew", with a scene depicting manual labour, as described in Exodus for Hebrew people under bondage in Egypt.These references to the Apiru in Egyptian documents and on monuments show their presence in Egypt, and their social importance, for more than three centuries.

The same people are called elsewhere "Habiru" or "Habiri".Er-Heba, the Egyptian ruler in Jerusalem, wrote a series of letters to the king in which he complained about the "Habiru". The Habiru were plundering the lands of the king. Er-Heba wanted to know why the king was leaving them behave in this way; why was he not sending archers to protect his, the king's, properties. If he did not send military help the whole land would be given to the Habiru.

The activities of the Habiri in Southern Canaan concerns many scholars; they believe this area was not attached to Israelite territory until much later. However, Chapters 10 to 12 in the Book of Yehoshua describe just such conquest, with the very names listed in the Amarna tablets, including Lachish, Gezer, Gath, and the king of Jerusalem. A quote from one tablet shows the state of affairs: "See the deed which Milkilu and Shuwardata have done to the land of the king, my lord! They have the troops of Gezer, troops of Gath, and troops of Qeila. They have seized the land of Rubute. The land of the king has fallen away to the Habiri. And now, even a city of the Jerusalem district, Bit-nin'ib by name, a city of the king, has fallen away to the side of the people of Qeila. Let the king listen to Er-Heba, your servant, and send an army of archers that they might restore the land of the king to the king. For if there are no army of archers the land of the king will fall away to the Habiri.".

The identification of groups of Habiri and their activities corresponds well to the conquest of Canaan described in the Book of Yehoshua. The Amarna letters suggest that this class of people held unique status in the Near East. All these documents lead to fully identify the Habiru with the Israelites, until other sources bring great perplexity... The Apiru are obviously a recognizable people distinct from others. If the Apiru were Hebrews, not all of them were descended from the original twelve Tribes, and other Semitic groups (maybe the Hyksos among them) were included.

Habiru and Hebrews: the Transfer of a Social Term to the Literary Sphere
http://www.jstor.org/pss/544204

The Mysterious Habiru http://www.israel-a-...com/habiru.html

The Akkadians & the Habiru http://www.israel-a-.../akkadians.html

http://en.wikipedia....ynasty_of_Egypt
Dynasty XIII was from approximately 1773 BC to sometime after 1650 BC. After allowing discipline at the southern forts to deteriorate, the government eventually withdrew its garrisons and, not long afterward, the forts were reoccupied by the rising Nubian state of Kush. In the north, parts of Lower Egypt became heavily settled by an immigrant Asiatic population. An independent line of kings created Dynasty XIV that arose in the western Delta during later Dynasty XIII. According to Manetho, into this unstable mix came invaders from the east called the Hyksos.

http://en.wikipedia....iki/Dynasty_XIV
It is associated with the Delta region of Egypt, and may have ruled from Xois, though for only little more than 100 years. Its rulers may have been related to the Hyksos, though they are very frequently identified as being of Semitic origin, owing to the distinct origins of the names of some of their Kings, like Yakobaam or Yaqub-Har. As many as 76 kings are known from various king lists, but only a few are attested in contemporary sources.

http://en.wikipedia....ynasty_of_Egypt
The Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period. The Fifteenth Dynasty dates approximately from 1650 to 1550 BC.

http://en.wikipedia....ynasty_of_Egypt
The sixteenth dynasty of ancient Egypt was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled in Upper Egypt for during the Second Intermediate Period (c. 1650-1550 BCE), a period that saw the division of Upper and Lower Egypt between the pharaohs at Thebes and the Hyksos kings at Avaris.

http://en.wikipedia....ynasty_of_Egypt
The Seventeenth Dynasty dates approximately from 1580 to 1550 BC.

http://en.wikipedia....ynasty_of_Egypt
Dynasty XVIII was founded by Ahmose I the brother or son of Kamose, the last ruler of the Dynasty XVII. Ahmose finished the campaign to expel the Hyksos rulers.His reign is seen as the end of the Second Intermediate Period and the start of New Kingdom. Ahmose was succeeded by his son, Amenhotep I whose reign was relatively uneventful.

1st Let me say that Israel as a nation wasn't recognized as a cohesive unit until 1209 in the Merneptah stele, this term didn't just spring up overnight in 1210 either.

2nd Don't let anyone tell you, not even some Egyptologist, that these Tribes named after the Patriarchs were not in existance earlier than 1209.

{Sea Peoples, Danai, Mycenians, Sherdan, Illusa (PR's), Plus a wealth of more names and connections can be mentioned, at least as far back as Deborah & Barrak, but in essence way farther back, Etc ... ^}

3rd The Darkest period of Egyptian history is the Hyksos Period, there were at least 3 different dynasties all co-ruling at the same time. The Term Hyksos is an oxymoron. Some Hyksos were foriegn rulers, some Shepard Kings, some Asiatics, some others ...^

[These arguments are weak and are meant to deflect the criticism, by talking in generalities about the time, even when quoting a specific date, that is not the case I CAN ASSURE YOU!]

My Chronological Timeline that is months away ...
But heres a few excerpts related to the issue (Expanded Version) ->

a. 1690 BC_1650-during 2nd Intermediate Period, the later rulers of the thirteenth dynasty appear to be only ephemeral monarchs under the control of a powerful line of viziers, and indeed, it has been suggested that the ruler in this period might have been elected, if not appointed. One monarch late in the dynasty, Wahibre Ibiau, may have been a former vizier elevated to the office. Beginning with the reign of Sobekhotep IV, the power of this dynasty, weak to begin with, deteriorated. The later king Merneferre Ai (ruled c. 1690 BC) appears to have been a mere vassal of the Hyksos princes ruling there; his successors held onto their diminished office until sometime after 1650 BC.

a. 1690 BC_1650-The position of the following 14th Dynasty of Egyptian Kings associated with the Delta region of Egypt, and may have ruled from Xois, though for only little more than 100 years is uncertain: Sheshi and Yakubher ?? The Turin King List provides an additional 25 names, some fragmentary, and no dates. None are attested to elsewhere, and all are of very dubious provenance. It is Its rulers may have been related to the Hyksos, though they are very frequently identified as being of Semitic origin, owing to the distinct origins of the names of some of their Kings, like Yakobaam or Yaqub-Har. As many as 76 kings are known from various king lists (from Manetho; the Turin Royal Canon gives 32), but only a few are attested in contemporary sources, so some may not have been actual rulers (eg some may be pseudonyms of other rulers). Most likely, many of these ruled concurrently over different parts of the Delta. Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the 14th Dynasty include: Nehesy (or Nehesi) left his name on two monuments at Avaris. His name means "Nubian" in Egyptian[citation needed]. Merdjefare. Attested by a single stela from Saft al-Hinna, in the Delta

c. 1650 BC_1550-The 15th Dynasty of Egypt was the first Hyksos Dynasty, ruling from Avaris, without control of the entire land. The Hyksos preferred to stay in northern Egypt since they infiltrated from the north-east. The names and order of kings is uncertain. The Turin Kinglist indicates that there were six Hyksos kings, with an obscure Khamudi listed as the final king of the Fifteenth Dynasty. (line X.21 of the cited web link clearly provides this summary for the dynasty: "6 kings functioning 100+X years.") The surviving traces on the X figure appears to give the figure 8 which suggests that the summation should be read as 6 kings ruling 108 years.

c. 1650 BC_1550-The 16th dynasty of ancient Egypt was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled in Upper Egypt during the 2nd Intermediate Period, a period that saw the division of Upper and Lower Egypt between the pharaohs at Thebes and the Hyksos kings at Avaris. Of the two chief versions of Manetho's Aegyptiaca, Dynasty XVI is described by the more reliable Africanus (supported by Syncellus) as "shepherd [hyksos] kings", but by Eusebius as Theban. From Ryholt's reconstruction of the Turin canon, 15 kings of Dynasty XVI can now be named, five of whom appear in contemporary sources. While most likely ruled from Thebes itself, some may have been local rulers from other important Upper Egyptian towns, including Abydos, El Kab and Edfu.

k. 1500 BC_1200-saw a vast migration of the so-called sea people, described in ancient Egyptian sources. They destroyed Mycenaean and Hittite sites and also attacked Egypt. According to some scholars the Sherden, one of the most important tribes of the sea peoples, are to be identified with the Nuragic Sardinians. A lost work by Simonides of Ceos reported by Zenobius, spoke of raids by Sardinians against the island of Crete, in the same period in which the Sea People invaded Egypt. This would at least confirm that Nuragic Sardinians frequented the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

x. 1388 BC_1348-18th Dynasty Amenhotep III (Nebmaatre) Thebes-KV22 (consorts Tiye, Gilukhipa of Mitanni, Tadukhipa of Mitanni, Sitamun, Iset, Daughter of Kurigalzu of Babylon., Daughter of Kadashman-Enlil of Babylon, Daughter of Tarhundaradu of Arzawa., Daughter of the ruler of Ammia) The reign of Amenhotep III is seen as a high point in this dynasty. Amenhotep III undertook large scale building programmes, the extent of which can only be compared with those of the much longer reign of Ramesses II during Dynasty XIX.

x. 1366 BC—Birth of Princess Tadukhipa to Tusratta, King of Mitanni and his Queen Juni. She will be later married to Amenhotep III and after his death to his son and heir Amenhotep IV Akhenaton. She is variously identified with Akhenaton's Queens Nefertiti and Kiya.

x. 1360 BC_1343-18th Dynasty Akhenaten (Neferkepherure-Waenre) Thebes-the Royal Tomb of Akhenaten (consorts Nefertiti, Kiya, Tadukhipa of Mitanni, Daughter of Šatiya, ruler of Enišasi, Daughter of Burna-Buriash, King of Babylon)

a. 1355 BC-In the 5th year of his reign Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten and moved his capital to Amarna. During the reign of Akhenaten the Aten - the sundisk - first became the most prominent deity, and eventually the Aten was considered the only god. If this amounted to true monotheism continues to be the subject of debate within the academic community. Some state that Akhenaten created a monotheism while others point out that he merely suppressed a dominant solar cult by the assertion of another, while he never completely abandoned several other traditional deities.

 

Doppleganger

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I love your stories though

x. 0732 BC_725-Tefnakhte I Tefnakhte I formed an alliance of the Delta kinglets, with whose support he attempted to conquer Upper Egypt; his campaign attracted the attention of the Nubian king, Piye, who recorded his conquest and subjection of Tefnakhte of Sais and his peers in a well-known inscription. Tefnakhte is always called the "Great Chief of the West" in Piye's Victory stela and in two stelas dating to the regnal years 36 and 38 of Shoshenq V. It is uncertain if he ever adopted an official royal title. However, Olivier Perdu, has now been demonstrated that a certain Shepsesre Tefnakhte of Sais dates to the Nubian era and was not, in fact, Piye's famous nemesis. Perdu published a recently discovered donation stela which came from a private collection; the document is dated to Year 2 of Necho I of Sais and is similar in style, epigraphy and text with the donation stela of Shepsesre. This proves that Shepsesre Tefnkahte was actually Tefnakht II and a close predecessor of Necho I. Both kings ruled as local Saite kings during the Nubian era under Taharqa.

abe's

 

IanLC

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This is confirmation! Glory to God! Are bible study lesson book 2 weeks ago was on the subject of God stopping the sun for a whole day!
 

Doppleganger

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Awesome! UHCAIan I'm working from 700BC back to about 1650BC on Version 01 of a Comprehensive Chronology. It's still months away but It should be a a good read for students, history buffs, Bible Believers, and agnostics alike. Very informative, very difficult to dispute by Skeptics. Anyways back to my 1st Part, then some Amurru-Amorite & Habiru-Hebrew connections are coming later on!

k. 2000 BC_1900-The Early Bronze Age layers of Ugarit (level III) yielded no more painted ware but various monochromatic burnished wares and some red polished ware of Anatolian origin. With Early Bronze Age III, metallurgy quickly developed. In the Middle Bronze Age, newcomers, so-called Torque-Bearers, expert in bronze metallurgy.

c. 2000 BC_1600-The "Amorite period" in Mesopotamian history. The principal Amorite dynasties arose in Mari, Yamkhad, Qatna, Assyria (under Shamshi-Adad I), Isin, Larsa, and Babylon. This era ended with the Hittite sack of Babylon (c. 1595 BC) which brought new ethnic groups—particularly Kassites and Hurrians—to the forefront in Mesopotamia. From the 15th century BC onward, the term Amurru is usually applied to the region extending north of Canaan as far as Kadesh on the Orontes.

k. 1800 BC_1600-Ugarit was apparently under the control of new tribes related to the Hyksos, probably mainly Hurrians or Mitannians, who mutilated the Egyptian monuments. Ugaritic has been identified as a Semitic language, related to classical Hebrew, the language of the Old Testament, and these tablets, the first authentic specimens of pagan Canaanite literature, have been of great importance to students of language and of the Bible. These texts not only constitute a literature of high standing and great originality but also have an important bearing on Old Testament studies. It is now evident that the patriarchal stories in the Old Testament were not merely transmitted orally but were based on written documents of Canaanite origin, the discovery of which at Ugarit has led to a new appraisal of the Old Testament.

k. 1800 BC_1750-The Mari Tablets Archaeology has shown flourished from 2900 to 1759 BC at which point it was sacked by Hammurabi [Ammuru Father]. Mari was a part of the Amorite kingdom which dominated Mesopotamia in the 18th century. The Cappadocian tablet is the earliest occurrence of the word "Habiru", dating to the 19th century BC. The Mari tablets revolutionized the view of the ancient world by shedding light on over 500 name of different places. Important discoveries were also made on the identity of the SA.GAZ/Haberi/Habiru [Apiru/Hebrew/Sea Peoples]. One account speaks of a certain man named Yapah Adad. He had built up the city of Zallul, located on the banks of the Euphrates. He stationed himself in Zallul, along with 2,000 "Habiri" soldiers who had hired themselves out to Yapah Adad as mercenaries. In yet another tablet, a chief by the name of Izinabu is said to have had 30 "Habiru" men march in his charge. One tablet, though much of it damaged and indecipherable, speaks of "300 asses of the Haberi". From the Sumerians, and later adopted by the Akkadians, comes the cuneiform designation SA.GAZ. The Akkadians pronounced this word "Habiru". Yet, other similar terms are used as well; Habiri and Haberi.

c. 1200 BC-Hazor shows signs of catastrophic fire, and cuneiform tablets found at the site refer to monarchs named Ibni Addi, where Ibni may be the etymological origin of Yavin (Jabin). The city also show signs of having been a magnificent Canaanite city prior to its destruction, with great temples and opulent palaces, split into an upper acropolis, and lower city; the town evidently had been a major Canaanite city. According to the Book of Judges Hazor was the seat of Jabin, the king of Canaan, whose commander, Sisera, led a Canaanite army against Barak [and Deborah]. During the Egyptian Second Intermediate Period and early New Kingdoms (together running between 18th century BC and 13th century BC), Canaan was an Egyptian vassal state; thus 14th century documents, from the El Amarna archive in Egypt, describe the king of Hazor (in Amarna letters called Hasura); specifically report[ing] that Hasura's king has gone over to the Habiru who were invading Canaan. In these documents, Hazor is described as an important city in Canaan. Hazor is also mentioned in the Execration texts, that pre-date the Amarna letters, and in 18th century BCE documents found in Mari on the Euphrates River. Some archaeologists suspect the reason for the destruction of Hazor could be civil strife, attacks by the Sea Peoples, and/or a result of the general collapse of civilisation across the whole eastern Mediterranean in the Late Bronze Age

k. 1100 BC- Ancient records show the "Habiru" to be scattered over western Asia for centuries until about 1100 BC. Nomadic peoples, mostly Semites -- sometimes raiders, sometimes skilled artisans -- they frequently offered themselves as mercenaries and slaves, with individuals occasional rising to prominence. The names "Hebrew," "Habiru," "Khapiru," "Apiru," and "pr" were forms of the same word (equivalent to the Akkadian SA.GAZ), a designation without nation significance. Rather, they indicated wandering peoples greatly restricted as regards financial means and without citizenship and social status. Hebrew and Habiru were terms used prior to the name "Israel." Etymologically "Hebrew" is [also] to traced to Eber, the father of Peleg and Joktan (Gen. 10:24-25, 11:12-16) and is derived from the Hebrew root "to pass over" and has reference to "a land on the other side," as the dweller east of the Euphrates might think of Canaan. The Hebrew are "those who crossed over" in the sense of trespassing, "trespassers." Eber, the ancestor of the Hebrews, means "the other side, across," and is usually explained as denoting those who have come from "the other side of the River (the Euphrates)," that is Haran (Josh. 24:2,3).

http://hazor.huji.ac.il/history.htm
Hazor is the largest biblical-era site in Israel, covering some 200 acres. The population of Hazor in the second millennium BC is estimated to have been about 20,000, making it the largest and most important city in the entire region. Its size and strategic location on the route connecting Egypt and Babylon made it "the head of all those kingdoms" (Joshua 11:10). Hazor's conquest by the Israelites opened the way to the conquest and settlement of the Israelites in Canaan.

Hazor suffered repeated destruction, as a result of both the Aramean and Assyrian invasions. It was finally destroyed by the Assyrian King Tiglath-Pilesser III, who, in 732 BC conquered the entire area of Galilee (Kings II, 15:29), in a campaign that marked the beginning of the end of the independence of the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Hazor was never again to regain its importance. During the 7th - 2nd century BCE settlement was confined only to the citadels which were erected in the western extremity of the upper city. The last historical reference to Hazor is to be found in the book of Macabees (I Macc. 11:67). Here we are told that Jonathan fought against Demetrius (147 BCE) in the "plain of Hazor".

http://www1.chapman....dmead/G-Haz.htm
The first settlement of Hazor, in the third millennium BC (Early Bronze Age), was confined to the upper city. The lower city was founded in approximately the 18th century BC (Middle Bronze Age) and continued to be settled until the 13th century (the end of the Late Bronze Age) when both the upper and lower city were violently destroyed. There followed sporadic occupation during the time of the Judges. A six chambered gate and casemate wall of the 10th century BCE can most probably be attributed to King Solomon (Kings 1, 9:15), during whose reign only the western part of the upper city was occupied. In the 9th century BCE, most probably under King Ahab, the city expanded. Hazor suffered repeated destruction, as a result of both the Aramean and Assyrian invasions. It was finally destroyed by the Assyrian King Tiglath-Pilesser III, who, in 732 BCE conquered the entire area of Galilee (Kings II, 15:29), in a campaign that marked the beginning of the end of the independence of the Northern Kingdom of Israel

King Solomon is credited with building the Millo, a terrace system in Jerusalem, and reconstructing three cities (1 Kings 9:15-17). Excavations at Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer have all found gates and wall systems that follow the "same" plan. Based on this passage from the Bible and the striking resemblance of gates at all three sites, scholars have suggested that the fortifications at Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer date to the 10th century BCE, that is, the time of King Solomon's reign. A similar gate at Lachish gate may also date to this period.

http://www.biblebasi...atcit/hazor.htm
Archaeological work has been carried out at Hazor, firstly by Professor Garstang, who made trial digs in 1928 and then major excavations from 1955 to 1969 by Professor Yigael Yadin. More recently excavations began again at the site in 1990 and are continuing under the direction of Professor Amnon Ben-Tor, a one-time student of Professor Yadin. All of this work has revealed twenty-one cities built one on top of the other by successive kingdoms. The site is in two parts, with the tell mound covering some 6.1 hectares (15 acres) and to the north a much larger plateau area of 81 hectares (200 acres). This means that Hazor was something like twenty times the size of Jerusalem in the time of King David.

The city site was then included in the territory allotted to the tribe of Naphtali. (Joshua 19.36)
When we get to the time of the Judges some 200 years later, the Israelites were once again straying from God’s ways and we read that ‘the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor.’ (Judges 4.:2 NKJV) This time God raised up as deliverers Deborah and Barak, who took on a formidable army commanded by Sisera at Mount Tabor. There ‘the LORD routed Sisera and all his chariots and all his army with the edge of the sword before Barak.’ (Judges 4.15 NKJV) This victory is celebrated in the ‘Song of Deborah and Barak’ found in Judges chapter 5 and is mentioned by the prophet Samuel at the coronation of Israel’s first king, Saul. (1 Samuel 12.9)

Hazor is also mentioned in non-Biblical texts. Egyptian texts from the 19th Century BC record Hazor as a Canaanite city that threatened the Egyptian Empire. It is also named in the Mari letters of 1,800 BC and there is a Babylonian text describing Hazor as an important political centre. Hazor is also mentioned in lists of the dominions of the Egyptian kings Tutmosis III, Amenhotep II and Seti I in the 15th and 14th centuries BC and in the Amarna letters of the 14th century BC with the ruler of Hazor still being spoken of as a king.
These records and the archaeological excavations all confirm the Biblical importance of Hazor and the historical accuracy of the Biblical accounts about events linked with the city.

http://www.enduringw...taries/0704.htm - Judges 4 - Deborah and Barak
Then [Deborah] sent and called for Barak the son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali, and said to him, "Has not the LORD God of Israel commanded, 'Go and deploy troops at Mount Tabor; take with you ten thousand men of the sons of Naphtali and of the sons of Zebulun; and against you I will deploy Sisera, the commander of Jabin's army, with his chariots and his multitude at the River Kishon; and I will deliver him into your hand'?"

Now Heber the Kenite [the Midian who dwelt with the Kenites but was a priest of the Kenites in Medina], of the children of Hobab [Job] the father-in-law of Moses, had separated himself from the Kenites and pitched his tent near the terebinth tree at Zaanaim, which is beside Kedesh. And they reported to Sisera that Barak the son of Abinoam had gone up to Mount Tabor. So Sisera gathered together all his chariots, nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people who were with him, from Harosheth Hagoyim to the River Kishon.

Then Deborah said to Barak, "Up! For this is the day in which the LORD has delivered Sisera [Sarda-Aramean-Mede Link] into your hand. Has not the LORD gone out before you?" So Barak went down from Mount Tabor with ten thousand men following him. And the LORD routed Sisera and all his chariots and all his army with the edge of the sword before Barak; and Sisera alighted from his chariot and fled away on foot. But Barak pursued the chariots and the army as far as Harosheth Hagoyim, and all the army of Sisera fell by the edge of the sword; not a man was left.

So on that day God subdued Jabin king of Canaan in the presence of the children of Israel. And the hand of the children of Israel grew stronger and stronger against Jabin king of Canaan, until they had destroyed Jabin king of Canaan.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Hazor
Tel Hazor also Hatzor, present day Tell el-Qedah, is a tell above the site of ancient Hazor, whose archaeological remains are the largest and richest known in modern Israel. Hazor was an ancient city located in the Upper Galilee, north of the Sea of Galilee, between Ramah and Kadesh, on the high ground overlooking Lake Merom. In 2005, the remains of Hazor were designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO as part of the Biblical Tels - Megiddo, Hazor, Beer Sheba.

During the Egyptian Second Intermediate Period and early New Kingdoms (together running between 18th century BC and 13th century BC), Canaan was an Egyptian vassal state; thus 14th century documents, from the El Amarna archive in Egypt, describe the king of Hazor (in Amarna letters called Hasura), Abdi-Tirshi, as swearing loyalty to the Egyptian Pharaoh. However, EA 148 specifically reports that Hasura's king has gone over to the Habiru who were invading Canaan. In these documents, Hazor is described as an important city in Canaan. Hazor is also mentioned in the Execration texts, that pre-date the Amarna letters, and in 18th century BCE documents found in Mari on the Euphrates River.

Some archaeologists suspect the reason for the destruction of Hazor could be civil strife, attacks by the Sea Peoples, and/or a result of the general collapse of civilisation across the whole eastern Mediterranean in the Late Bronze Age. Prof. Amnon Ben-Tor (Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University) who is in charge believes that evidence of this violent destruction by burning was discovered in various areas of excavation of the site. The archaeological remains suggest that some time after its destruction, the city of Hazor was rebuilt as a minor village. According to the Books of Kings, the town, along with Megiddo, and Gezer, was later substantially fortified and expanded by Solomon. Like those at Megiddo, and Gezer, the remains at Hazor show that during the Early Iron Age the town gained a highly distinctive six chambered gate, as well as a characteristic style to its administration buildings; archaeologists determined that these constructions at Hazor were built by the same leadership as those at Megiddo and Gezer

Archaeological remains indicate that towards the later half of the 9th century BC, when the king of Israel was Jehu, Hazor fell into the control of Aram Damascus. Most archaeologists suspect that subsequent to this conquest, unmentioned by the Bible, was a sustained period of occupation by the Aramaean forces; the remains indicate that Hazor was rebuilt shortly after its conquest by Aram, probably as an Aramaean city. When the Assyrians later defeated the Aramaeans, Hazor seemingly returned to Israelite control; Assyrian records indicate that Joash, the king of Israel at the time, had paid tribute to Assyria and Israel had become an Assyrian vassal. [Later] Israel's attempted rebellion against Assyrian domination resulted in an invasion by the forces of the Assyrian ruler, Tiglath-Pileser III; the evidence on the ground suggests that hasty attempts were made to reinforce the defenses of Hazor. Despite the defences, in 732 BC Hazor was captured, its population deported, and the city was burnt to the ground.

http://www.questtrav...story/hazor.htm
Until recently, visitors have given short shrift at Hazor, because they could see many of the same kinds of things at Megiddo: a huge water system, a Solomonic gate and the foundations of a palace. Given the association with Armageddon, Megiddo has taken precedence. Thanks to the new excavations at Hazor, this may soon change, especially if archaeologists discover the city archive. At Mari on the Euphrates, a collection of almost 25,000 clay cuneiform documents turned up, dating to the 18th century BC. Most are commercial in nature. According to the Biblical Archaeology Review (May-June 1999), about twenty of these mention Hazor:

"We read of ambassadors coming and going from Hazor and of caravans, laden with gold, silver, textiles and various other commodities, traveling to and from the city. One tablet informs us that Babylon stationed officials in Hazor: 'Two messengers from Babylon who have long since resided at Hazor, with one man from Hazor as their escort, are crossing to Babylon.' Another tablet records several shipments of tin (used in making bronze) to the king of Hazor."
Hazor was the land's biggest Canaanite city. Its upper tell (the longer-occupied) includes 20 acres, which is not extraordinary. But from the 18th to the 13th centuries BC, Hazor had a lower city of 180 acres! (Compare Megiddo, with 12 acres above and 18 below.) This size is reflected in the Book of Joshua, which says it "formerly was the head of all those kingdoms." (Josh. 11:10)

In addition, as said, Hazor was within the commercial sphere of Mesopotamia. Only one other Canaanite city is mentioned in the Mari texts: Laish (later called Dan) -- and that only once. It would seem, then, that commerce from the Euphrates did not penetrate south of here in the 18th century BC. (No wonder, since the horse may not yet have been domesticated, or only just, and certainly not the camel.) For Egypt, however, Hazor was accessible and important enough to come in for a curse in the Execration Texts* of the 19th century BC. At that time, then, Hazor alone, among all Canaanite cities, was of interest both to Egypt and Mesopotamia.

http://en.wikipedia....cient_Near_East - Some key synchronisms:
Egypt - Thutmose I, Egypt took a strong interest in the ancient Near East. At times they occupied portions of the region, a favor returned by the Assyrians.
Battle of Kadesh, involving Ramses II of Egypt (in his 5th year of reign) and Muwatalli II of the Hittite empire. Recorded by both Egyptian and Hittite records.
Peace treaty between Ramses II of Egypt (in his 21st year of reign) and Hattusili III of the Hittites. Recorded by both Egyptian and Hittite records,
Amenhotep III marries the daughter of Shuttarna II of Mitanni. A record of messages from the pharaoh to Kadashman-Enlil I of Babylon Amarna (EA1-5).
Other Amarna letters link Amenhotep III to Burnaburiash II of Babylon (EA6) and Tushratta of Mitanni (EA17-29) as well.
Akhenaten (aka Amenhotep IV) married the daughter of Tushratta of Mitanni (as did his father Amenhotep III), leaving a number of records on the matter.
Akhenaten also corresponded with Burnaburiash II of Babylon (EA7-11,15), and Ashuruballit I of Assyria (EA15-16)

"The Hebrews did live pretty much in a territory directly in the crosshairs of Babylon, Assyria, Egypt and the Hittites, giving them a front row seat to actions in the area ... Mainly of use in the 1st millennium [??]"

 
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