Rather than repeating myself ad nauseum in multiple threads, I thought I'd go ahead and post a few things that are observed facts. So from here on I can just refer to this post rather than having to dig up the same things over and over.
There is a mix of technical articles and more layperson friendly material. If anyone wants additional information (or if some of the links don't work), let me know! :)
Fact #1 The Evolution of New Species
(keep in mind, "fish", "bird", "monkey" etc. are not examples of "species", and "a frog turning into a lizard" is not speciation....if you think it is, the problem isn't with the science, but with your understanding of it)
Finches
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2009/11/12/0911761106
South Atlantic Island Finches
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/315/5817/1420
Fruit flies
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2332612&dopt=Abstract
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14519211&dopt=Abstract
Whiptail lizards (in the lab)
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/05/03/1102811108.short?rss=1
Cichlids
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11918795&dopt=Abstract
Cicadas
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11005298&dopt=Abstract
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11165695&dopt=Abstract
Yeast
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12459586&dopt=Abstract
Bacteria
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10752687&dopt=Abstract
Goatsbeard
http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/abstract/91/7/1022
Sparrows
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05183.x/abstract
Apple maggot fly (in the process)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12663534&query_hl=10&itool=pubmed_docsum
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/102/suppl_1/6573
Hybrid speciation
http://scienceblogs.com/evolgen/2006/12/hybrid_speciation_strikes_agai.php
Fact #2 The Evolution of New Traits, Abilities, and Genetic Sequences (i.e., "new genetic information")
(there are waaaaaaaaaaay more than this, but the following is sufficient to make the point)
Evolution of beneficial mutations, parallel evolution, and new traits
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17691099
Rapid evolution of structures in introduced lizards
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/105/12/4792
Evolution of chimeric genes in yeast
http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/15/8/931.pdf
Evolution of multicellularity in lab
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/evec/1998/00000012/00000002/00171545
Experimental evolution of multicellularity in yeast
http://www.pnas.org/content/109/5/1595
Evolution of new genes
http://www3.uta.edu/faculty/betran/publications.htm
http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v4/n11/abs/nrg1204.html
Origin and evolution of new exons in rodents
http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/9/1258
Fact 3# Transitional Fossils Between Taxa
(a "transitional fossil" is a specimen that shows a mixture of characteristics of different taxa, and again this is hardly a complete list but is sufficient to make the point)
Intermediate Fossils
http://www.asa3.org/ASA/resources/Miller.html
Sinosauropteryx (4 complete skeletons)
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v391/n6663/full/391147a0.html
Caudipteryx (5 nearly complete skeletons)
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v393/n6687/full/393753a0.html
Protarchaeopteryx (2 specimens)
http://www.paleoglot.org/files/ji&ji_97.pdf
Theropod with avian lung features
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v436/n7048/abs/nature03716.html
Dilong
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilong_paradoxus
Mahakala
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2007/09/06/dinosaurs-beyond-cute/
Pre-Cambrian to Cambrian transitional fossils
http://www.asa3.org/ASA/PSCF/1997/PSCF12-97Miller2.html
http://www.asa3.org/asa/PSCF/2001/PSCF3-01Morton.html
Pre-Cambrian proto-mollusk
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vendian/kimberella.html
Cambrian transitional between halkieriids and wiwaxiids
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/315/5816/1255
Reptiles to mammals
http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/synapsida/synapsida.html#Synapsida
Yanoconodon (transitional between reptiles and mammals)
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v446/n7133/abs/nature05627.html
Fossilized eye muscles showing transitional state
http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/567m1711432025rn/
Fact #4 The Utility of Evolutionary Theory
(showing how using an evolutionary framework allows for accurate interpretation of data)
Using evolution to determine gene function
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2010/07/16/from-the-vault-whats-a-gene-for/
PLOS paper for above
http://compbiol.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010045
Evolutionary Genomics
http://www.genome.duke.edu/research/evolutionary/
Fact #5 Beneficial Mutations
Increase in life span and limited tumor growth
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/313/5789/971?etoc
Evolution of resistance in HIV
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=evolution+resistance+HIV
Resistance in weeds
http://www.weedscience.org/Case/Reference.asp?ReferenceID=623
Resistance to male sex pathogen
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/317/5835/214
Evolution of “hyperswimmers” in bacteria
http://www.cell.com/cell-reports/abstract/S2211-1247%2813%2900388-4
Fact #6 Mathematical Evidence for Universal Common Descent
Statistical Test of Universal Common Ancestry
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20463738
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/05/100513-science-evolution-darwin-single-ancestor/
Fact #7 Many Christians Accept Evolution as True
http://theclergyletterproject.org/Christian_Clergy/ChrClergyLtr.htm
I think that's enough for now. If I find myself repeating other things over and over, I'll add to this list.
There is a mix of technical articles and more layperson friendly material. If anyone wants additional information (or if some of the links don't work), let me know! :)
Fact #1 The Evolution of New Species
(keep in mind, "fish", "bird", "monkey" etc. are not examples of "species", and "a frog turning into a lizard" is not speciation....if you think it is, the problem isn't with the science, but with your understanding of it)
Finches
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2009/11/12/0911761106
South Atlantic Island Finches
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/315/5817/1420
Fruit flies
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2332612&dopt=Abstract
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14519211&dopt=Abstract
Whiptail lizards (in the lab)
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/05/03/1102811108.short?rss=1
Cichlids
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11918795&dopt=Abstract
Cicadas
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11005298&dopt=Abstract
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11165695&dopt=Abstract
Yeast
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12459586&dopt=Abstract
Bacteria
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10752687&dopt=Abstract
Goatsbeard
http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/abstract/91/7/1022
Sparrows
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05183.x/abstract
Apple maggot fly (in the process)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12663534&query_hl=10&itool=pubmed_docsum
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/102/suppl_1/6573
Hybrid speciation
http://scienceblogs.com/evolgen/2006/12/hybrid_speciation_strikes_agai.php
Fact #2 The Evolution of New Traits, Abilities, and Genetic Sequences (i.e., "new genetic information")
(there are waaaaaaaaaaay more than this, but the following is sufficient to make the point)
Evolution of beneficial mutations, parallel evolution, and new traits
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17691099
Rapid evolution of structures in introduced lizards
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/105/12/4792
Evolution of chimeric genes in yeast
http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/15/8/931.pdf
Evolution of multicellularity in lab
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/evec/1998/00000012/00000002/00171545
Experimental evolution of multicellularity in yeast
http://www.pnas.org/content/109/5/1595
Evolution of new genes
http://www3.uta.edu/faculty/betran/publications.htm
http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v4/n11/abs/nrg1204.html
Origin and evolution of new exons in rodents
http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/9/1258
Fact 3# Transitional Fossils Between Taxa
(a "transitional fossil" is a specimen that shows a mixture of characteristics of different taxa, and again this is hardly a complete list but is sufficient to make the point)
Intermediate Fossils
http://www.asa3.org/ASA/resources/Miller.html
Sinosauropteryx (4 complete skeletons)
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v391/n6663/full/391147a0.html
Caudipteryx (5 nearly complete skeletons)
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v393/n6687/full/393753a0.html
Protarchaeopteryx (2 specimens)
http://www.paleoglot.org/files/ji&ji_97.pdf
Theropod with avian lung features
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v436/n7048/abs/nature03716.html
Dilong
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilong_paradoxus
Mahakala
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2007/09/06/dinosaurs-beyond-cute/
Pre-Cambrian to Cambrian transitional fossils
http://www.asa3.org/ASA/PSCF/1997/PSCF12-97Miller2.html
http://www.asa3.org/asa/PSCF/2001/PSCF3-01Morton.html
Pre-Cambrian proto-mollusk
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vendian/kimberella.html
Cambrian transitional between halkieriids and wiwaxiids
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/315/5816/1255
Reptiles to mammals
http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/synapsida/synapsida.html#Synapsida
Yanoconodon (transitional between reptiles and mammals)
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v446/n7133/abs/nature05627.html
Fossilized eye muscles showing transitional state
http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/567m1711432025rn/
Fact #4 The Utility of Evolutionary Theory
(showing how using an evolutionary framework allows for accurate interpretation of data)
Using evolution to determine gene function
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2010/07/16/from-the-vault-whats-a-gene-for/
PLOS paper for above
http://compbiol.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010045
Evolutionary Genomics
http://www.genome.duke.edu/research/evolutionary/
Fact #5 Beneficial Mutations
Increase in life span and limited tumor growth
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/313/5789/971?etoc
Evolution of resistance in HIV
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=evolution+resistance+HIV
Resistance in weeds
http://www.weedscience.org/Case/Reference.asp?ReferenceID=623
Resistance to male sex pathogen
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/317/5835/214
Evolution of “hyperswimmers” in bacteria
http://www.cell.com/cell-reports/abstract/S2211-1247%2813%2900388-4
Fact #6 Mathematical Evidence for Universal Common Descent
Statistical Test of Universal Common Ancestry
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20463738
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/05/100513-science-evolution-darwin-single-ancestor/
Fact #7 Many Christians Accept Evolution as True
http://theclergyletterproject.org/Christian_Clergy/ChrClergyLtr.htm
I think that's enough for now. If I find myself repeating other things over and over, I'll add to this list.
