In the parable, the places where the seed fell is used as figures for the hearts of the people to whom the word of God (which in the parable is figured as the seed), is preached, or figuratively speaking, is sowed. Now as to the sower, in the parable it says, he went out to sow his seed. If then the seed is the word of God, and the seed are that of the sower's, I am inclined to believe that the sower is God, or perhaps refer to them to whom God had given His word to preach or His seed to sow. Further, since the seed is the word of God, it must be understood that when the parable says "seed fell", it means that the word of God is preached and had reached the eyes or ears of the people.
In the parable, the sower went out to sow seed, that is, preach the word of God to the people (to the world). In doing so, (wherein it is strongly suggested therein that sowing was by the method of broadcasting seed to the ground) not only did the seed fell on good ground, but also unavoidably fell by the wayside or pathway, on rocky or stony ground, and fell on thorny ground. Now, let us look at the different places used in the parable representing people. The wayside or road or pathway is a place that is not intended for seed to be planted and to yield a crop therein by any good sower or farmer, as also in rocky places, as well as where thorns grow. Only the good ground is the place where the seed is really intended to be planted to bear fruit and to yield a crop. So, if you'll take notice, this parable is really about the sowing or preaching of the word of God in the hearts of men and of fruit bearing and yielding a crop for harvest.
Regarding the seed falling by the wayside or pathway, Jesus explains that they are those who hears the word of God, but does not understand it. Obviously, they reject it and do not believe.
Regarding the seed falling on the rocky or stony ground, Jesus explains that they are those who hears the word and readily receives it with joy, but also readily give up and stumbles when tribulation or persecution arises because of the word. And that being, they bear no fruit, much less yield a crop.
Regarding the seed falling among thorns, Jesus explains that they are those who hears the word, but are choked up by the cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches and the desires for other things. As such, they also bear no fruit, much less yield a crop.
Regarding the seed falling on good ground, Jesus explains that they are those who hears the word, understands it, and accept it. As such they indeed bear fruit and so yield a crop.
Tong
R0679