Illuminator
Well-Known Member
Only when we confuse philosophy and science do we find a contradiction.@Illuminator said:
Psalm 93:1 says:
If I understand your point about phenomenological language correctly the above reflects the perspective of persons living on earth. From the point of view of a person standing on the surface of the earth, there is no wind blowing constantly in one direction-- so it would appear that the earth is not spinning on its axis. From the point of view of someone looking up into the sky the sun and the moon and the planets move across the sky independently of the fixed ground below. So from that perspective the Psalm isn't at odds with the scientific observation that the earth does in fact move, since it only reflects the apparent immobility of the earth, not its actual motion in 3D space.
OK, so let's see how this works with respect to the story of the creation. Following is a table that compares the timeline of the creation as derived from the studies of science to the timeline in the bible:
Year Event Bible Day 0 Big Bang N/A 100,000 Recombination: The universe has sufficiently cooled that the first atoms are formed N/A 100,000 The newly formed atoms emit the Cosmic Background Radiation 1 < 1 billion Creation of the first stars 4 1 - 2 billion Creation of the Milky Way galaxy N/A 9.12 billion Creation of the sun 4 9.18 billion Creation of the earth N/A 9.22 billion Creation of the moon 4 11.62 billion First eukaryotes N/A 12.52 billion First multi-celled organisms N/A 13.085 billion First complex (marine) life 5 13.287 billion First land plant 3 13.282 billion First land animals 6 13.565 billion First bird 5 13.71985 billion First Homo sapiens 6 13.72 billion Present day N/A
As I read the above table I discern the following:
a) The time periods as derived from science for each of the key events listed above are nowhere near a 24 hour period of time.
b) The science time periods aren't even of a consistent time span.
c) The sequence of events as listed in the Bible Day column is all jumbled up.
I interpret these observations to mean that the story of creation could not possibly be true, regardless of one's geographical perspective. So phenomenological language is irrelevant. This I think clearly proves that it is indeed possible for statements in the Bible to be completely at odds with known scientific facts.
What exactly is your interpretation?
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Science has made progress during the last couple centuries. This troubled many people especially the religious. Some of what they have been taught might not be true because "science proves otherwise." One example is evolution. Christians and Jews have been taught that God created the world in six days and made man from dirt. Then evolution popped up onto the scene. It seems like it contradicts what they have been taught from the beginning.
Should a person reject evolution because it "contradicts" his faith? Should a person reject the Bible because science has "proven" it to be wrong? Is religion compatible with science? The answer of course, is that religion is compatible with science. One can accept and be faithful to both. Even atheist philosopher Michael Ruse agrees:
"I see no reason why one should not be a scientist in my sense and also believe in the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, the belief that the water and wine turn into the body and blood of Christ during the Catholic mass." (Darwinism: Science or Philosophy, Chapter 2)
How can one accept evolution and still believe in God? The answer is that they answer different questions. Evolution tells us what happens and God tells us how and why it happened. God could have created man through evolution. One does not have to take an extreme literal interpretation of Genesis as St. Augustine suggested (On the Literal Interpretation of Genesis). Only when we confuse philosophy and science do we find a contradiction.
For example, when we look at something, we should ask four things:
(1) What is it or made to be?
(2) What is it made of?
(3) What is it made by?
(4) What is it made for or what is its purpose?
Let's say I see a house. How would we answer the questions above? We might answer as "The house is (1) a summer cottage, (2) made of wood, (3) by a carpenter, (4) to live in during the summer." (A Refutation of Moral Relativism by Peter Kreeft, pages 125-126).
These four things are called the four causes of Aristotle.
- The first is called the formal cause, (1) What is it or made to be?) (1) a summer cottage
- the second the material cause, (2) What is it made of?) (2) made of wood
- the third efficient cause, (3) What is it made by? (3) by a carpenter
- and fourth, the final cause. (4) What is it made for or what is its purpose? (4) to live in during the summer.
There are three different kinds of "sciences." The difference between them is the degree of abstraction that is involved. The mind might just focus on the physical by experimental observation.
- This science is called physics or natural science (this is what the modern mind knows as "science").
- He can also move toward a higher degree of abstraction dealing with quantity and number which can be distinguished apart from the material things. This is called mathematics.
- The highest abstraction is when the mind deals with being or reality itself as being. This is called metaphysics.
A new science does not necessitate a new religion or a new philosophy. To mix them is committing what the scholastics call the fallacy of uniform method of science. As Fulton Sheen said,
"Here we call it the 'Fallacy of the Uniform Method of Science' -- the fallacy of taking one science as the norm, and making it the measure, the guide, the interpreter, and the inspiration of every other science." (Philosophy of Religion, 185)
Physics should be treated as physics, mathematics as mathematics, and especially, metaphysics as metaphysics. One should not use a scientific or mathematical method to do metaphysics and vice versa. As Etienne Gilson said,
"Theology, logic, physics, biology, psychology, sociology, economics, are fully competent to solve their own problems by their own methods…no particular science is competent to either solve metaphysical problems, or to judge their metaphysical solutions." (The Unity of Philosophical Experience, page 249)
This should answer the question of should we should allow evolution and/or creationism in a science class. The answer is evolution should be taught as long as it does not imply philosophical naturalism/materialism and creationism should not be taught since it mentions God and the problem of God which is a metaphysical problem.
At the same time, we should not limit all knowledge to science. First, because it cannot be scientifically proven that everything should be scientifically proven or limited to science. It is self-contradictory. Second, because there are many things which are true but cannot be proven scientifically such as mathematics, love, aesthetics, morality, and the laws of logic.
To be faithful in science does not mean one ought to be an empiricist. A religious person ought not to look down upon science and a scientist ought not to look down upon a religion. Both persons need to look up and thank God for making a beautiful universe; so beautiful that it makes them wonder about that universe, especially their place and purpose in it.
Read more: https://www.catholicfidelity.com/articles/creationism-and-evolution/science-and-religion/
Only when we confuse philosophy and science do we find a contradiction
THAT'S EXACTLY WHAT YOUR LITERALIST CHART IS DOING!!!
Are you getting any of this???
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