The passage is a polyvalent symbol - which means it has multiple meanings. The Woman also represents Israel, from which came the 12 Tribes that produced the Messiah. The crown of 12 stars represents the 12 Tribes of Israel.
The labor pains are those of Israel.
No. The woman doesn’t represent Israel.
The vision takes place in the future as John was shown in Chapter 4.
- “Come up here, and I will show you things which must take place after this.”
Revelation 12 is in the time of the great tribulation when Satan will be expressing his dominion through the 10 kingdoms of the world that will be formed.
Satan will be persecuting the Church world wide.
It will be a time when Satan and his angels are cast down to the earth.
For then there will be great tribulation…
Then I heard a loud voice saying in heaven, “Now salvation, and strength, and the kingdom of our God, and the power of His Christ have come,
for the accuser of our brethren, who accused them before our God day and night, has been cast down. And they overcame him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony, and they did not love their lives to the death. Therefore rejoice, O heavens, and you who dwell in them! Woe to the inhabitants of the earth and the sea! For the devil has come down to you, having great wrath, because he knows that he has a short time.”
Now when the dragon
saw that he had been cast to the earth,
he persecuted the woman who gave birth to the male Child. Revelation 12:10-13
The tribulation time frame of three and a half years, is plainly stated twice.
Then the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, that they should feed her there
one thousand two hundred and sixty days. Revelation 12:6
But the woman was given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness to her place, where she is nourished for
a time and times and half a time, from the presence of the serpent.
Revelation 12:14