After the fall of the 2nd temple. Dositheus repudiated the prophets, thus every other book besides the Books of Moses were taken out.
The Samaritans were a mixed people, combining different cultures and religions, as described in 2 Kings 17:32-33. This led to Jesus' statement in John 4:22,
"You worship what you do not know" ...I could say the same to @shepherdsword
Antagonism continued through the time of Ezra (Ezra 4:9-10) and Nehemiah (Neh 2:19-20; 6:1).
Nehemiah expelled Manasseh, the grandson of Eliashib and son-in-law of Sanballat, from the temple (Neh 13:28).
In response, Sanballat built a competing temple on Mount Gerizim (Antiquities 13:9:1).
The Samaritans taught that Abraham offered his son on Mount Gerizim and later met Melchizedek there.
The Pentateuch never specifically mentions Jerusalem as the chosen place of worship (Deut 12:5), but the Samaritans altered the text to support their own theories.
The Samaritans claimed to be descendants of Joseph through Ephraim and Manasseh (Antiquities 11:8:6). Jesus, however, referred to them as "strangers" in Luke 17:16, 18, calling them people of another race.
Their temple on Mount Gerizim was destroyed by John Hyrcanus in 129 BC (Antiquities 13:9:1).
This deep-seated animosity is reflected in John 4:9, where it's noted that "Jews have no dealings with Samaritans." The hostility was mutual between the two groups.
Your point about the theological differences is a double-edged sword. Jesus used the Samaritan in his parable to highlight the hostility between Jews and Samaritans, showing that love and compassion can transcend such divisions. At the same time, he rebuked the Samaritan woman for her people’s distortion of God’s Word, emphasizing the importance of worshiping in truth.
The Master's teaching is incredibly nuanced, and context is the key to unlocking deeper understanding.