This Google AI:
Strictly looking at the literary structure and chronology of the text, the "coming" in Daniel 7:22 corresponds directly to the opening of the judgment scene in verses 9–11.
When theological frameworks are set aside, Daniel 7 follows a clear, two-part literary pattern: the initial vision (verses 1–14) and the angelic interpretation of that exact same vision (verses 15–28). Verse 22 is not introducing a separate, later event; rather, it is explaining the sequence of events Daniel already saw in verses 8–11.
Parallel Structure of the Text
Comparing the vision side-by-side with its interpretation shows that both sections follow the exact same chronological order:
• The Horn's Oppression (v. 8 vs. v. 21). In the vision, Daniel sees a little horn speaking "great things" (v. 8). In the interpretation, Daniel recounts that this same horn was "making war with the saints and prevailing over them" (v. 21).
• The Arrival and Court Session (vv. 9–10 vs. v. 22a). In the vision, the horn's activity is interrupted when thrones are set in place, the Ancient of Days takes His seat, and "the court sat in judgment" (vv. 9–10). In verse 22, the text states that the horn prevailed "until the Ancient of Days came, and judgment was given for the saints". The Aramaic verb ʾătāh ("came") in verse 22 describes the Ancient of Days arriving to take His seat on the judicial throne seen in verse 9.
• The Outcome of the Judgment (vv. 22b, 26–27). In the vision, the court's verdict results in the beast being destroyed and a kingdom being given to the saints of the Most high. In verse 22, that same verdict immediately transitions to the saints possessing the kingdom.
Why "Coming" in Verse 22 Means Taking the Throne
If verse 22 chronologically corresponds to verses 9–11, then placing verse 22 at the first century (the start of the millennium) while placing verses 9–11 at the end of time (the Great White Throne Judgment) creates a literal contradiction in the text's timeline.
Different interpreters handle—or attempt to resolve—this overlap in distinct ways, depending on how strictly they treat the literary parallels in Daniel 7.
1. The Standard Amillennial View (Both are at the Second Coming)
Most mainstream Amillennial scholars (such as William Hendriksen, Anthony Hoekema, and G.K. Beale) agree with your observation and do not split verses 9–11 from verse 22.
• Unified Timeline. In the standard Amillennial reading, both verses 9–11 and verse 22 refer to the Second Coming and the final judgment (the Great White Throne Judgment of Revelation 20:11).
• The Millennium's Placement. For these scholars, the "millennium" of Revelation 20:4 is not the kingdom given to the saints in Daniel 7:22. Instead, they view the millennium as the current church age before the little horn's final short period of persecution (v. 21), which is only ended when Christ returns to judge (v. 22).
2. The "Split-View" Amillennial Position (What You Encountered)
The specific group of Amillennialists you are referring to connects Revelation 20:4 ("thrones were set, and judgment was committed to them") directly to Daniel 7:22 ("judgment was given for the saints") to argue that the millennium began at Christ's first coming/ascension. To keep verses 9–11 at the Second Coming, they usually rely on one of two arguments:
• Telescoping / Recapitulation. They argue that Daniel 7 compresses two separate events into a single summary in verse 22. In this view, the first half of verse 22 ("until the Ancient of Days came, and judgment was given for the saints") happens in heaven at Christ's ascension (inaugurating the millennium), while the consummation of that judgment—the total destruction of the beast in verse 11—is delayed until the Second Coming.
• Two Different "Comings" in the Chapter. They emphasize the distinction between the Ancient of Days coming to sit on the throne (v. 22) and the Son of Man coming to receive the kingdom (v. 13). They argue verse 13 is the Ascension (2,000 years ago), while verses 9–11 represent the final earthly eradication of evil at the end of the age, treating Daniel's vision as thematic rather than strictly linear.
3. The Literal-Chronological Critique
From a strictly textual standpoint—setting theological systems aside—your critique highlights the core weakness of splitting those verses:
• Identical Vocabulary. Revelation 20:4 ("I saw thrones, and seated on them were those to whom the authority to judge was committed") actually borrows its exact imagery from Daniel 7:9 ("thrones were placed") and Daniel 7:22 ("judgment was given for the saints").
• Inseparable Events. In the text of Daniel 7, the court sitting (vv. 9–10), the judgment being given for the saints (v. 22), and the destruction of the beast (v. 11) are presented as a single, continuous courtroom scene. Separating them by 2,000+ years requires importing a timeline from outside the chapter rather than reading it out of Daniel's structure.
How Revelation 20:4 directly quotes and adapts the Greek translation of Daniel 7:9–22
In Revelation 20:4, John merges two separate moments from the Greek translation of Daniel 7—specifically verses 9 and 22—into a single, compressed sentence. By doing this, John explicitly links the courtroom thrones of verse 9 with the vindication of the saints in verse 22, treating them as one unified event.
1. The Direct Greek Parallels
In the first century, two Greek translations of Daniel were in circulation: the Old Greek (Septuagint / LXX) and Theodotion's version (which became the standard church text). John pulls exact vocabulary from both to construct Revelation 20:4a:
• The Thrones (Daniel 7:9 → Revelation 20:4).
• Daniel 7:9 (LXX/Theodotion): "I was watching until thrones (thronoi) were placed, and the Ancient of Days sat (ekathisen)..."
• Revelation 20:4: "And I saw thrones (thronous), and they sat (ekathisan) upon them..."
• The Shift: John keeps the exact noun (thronos) and verb (kathizō), changing only the subject from singular ("he sat"—the Ancient of Days) to plural ("they sat"—the saints/judges).
• The Verdict / Authority (Daniel 7:22 → Revelation 20:4).
• Daniel 7:22 (Theodotion): "...and judgment was given (krima edōken / LXX: tēn krisin edōke) to the saints of the Most High..."
• Revelation 20:4: "...and judgment was given to them (krima edothē autois)..."
• The Shift: This is a near-verbatim lifting of the Greek clause. John uses the exact same noun (krima, meaning a legal verdict or the authority to judge) and the exact same verb (didōmi, "to give"), converting it into the passive voice ("was given to them").
2. How John Adapts Daniel 7's Meaning
While John uses Daniel's exact Greek words, he subtly adapts their function to fit his vision of the martyrs:
• From Passive Vindication to Active Co-Ruling. In the original Aramaic of Daniel 7:22, "judgment was given for the saints" (dînāʾ yəhib ləqaddîšê) primarily means a legal verdict was rendered in their favor against the little horn. However, the Greek translation (krima edōken tois hagiois) is ambiguous—it can mean either "a verdict was given for them" or "authority to judge was given to them." John leans into that second meaning, placing the martyrs directly onto the thrones from Daniel 7:9 as co-judges with Christ.
• Compression of the Sequence. In Daniel 7, the thrones appear in verse 9, the beast is judged in verse 11, and the kingdom is given to the saints in verses 22 and 27. John compresses all of these into one continuous breath in Revelation 20:4: they sit on the thrones (v. 9), receive judgment (v. 22), and reign with Christ (v. 27).
Why This Matters for the Amillennial Debate
John's direct fusion of Daniel 7:9 and 7:22 in Revelation 20:4 reinforces your earlier point. From a strictly textual standpoint, John himself did not view Daniel 7:9 and Daniel 7:22 as separated by thousands of years. When John envisioned the start of the thousand-year reign in Revelation 20:4, he combined the thrones of Daniel 7:9 and the judgment of Daniel 7:22 into the exact same scene.