I haven't read the book of lamentations for a while, but it's authorship is attributed to Jeremiah the prophet. it was written after the fall and destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar's army, hundreds of years before 70AD.
It's a very powerful look at God's judgment of His rebellious people by the sword. I just wanted to look at a few passages in the light of history, as the book, though introspective, also appears more than retrospective and was written by the prophet.
The Lord has fulfilled His fury,
He has poured out His fierce anger.
He kindled a fire in Zion,
And it has devoured its foundations.
12 The kings of the earth,
And all inhabitants of the world,
Would not have believed
That the adversary and the enemy
Could enter the gates of Jerusalem—
13 Because of the sins of her prophets
And the iniquities of her priests,
Who shed in her midst
The blood of the just. Lamentations 4:11-13
This is written in the past tense and describes the fall of Jerusalem under Nebuchadnezzar's army. But further down in the same passage we find:
The punishment of your iniquity is accomplished,
O daughter of Zion;
He will no longer send you into captivity.
He will punish your iniquity,
O daughter of Edom;
He will uncover your sins! Lamentations 4:22
Again, this was written well before the destruction of Jerusalem in 70AD and the further dispersion of Judah resulting from their rebellion against Rome. So, doesn't this actually apply to that later destruction?
Was the punishment of the iniquity of Zion accomplished a 2nd time in 70AD? Or is there a 3rd time expected in the future in the form of "Jacob's troubles?"
Is this entirely retrospective or does it remain prophetic?
And does prophecy repeat itself?
The book of lamentations helps me when I consider the times I suffered trials as the discipline of God, but I have a greater hope in the faithfulness of Christ and His promises. I've always been disappointed by the last verses of lamentations, because they end with a question that implies that the mercies of God are not forever and sound despairing.
You, O Lord, remain forever;
Your throne from generation to generation.
20 Why do You forget us forever,
And forsake us for so long a time?
21 Turn us back to You, O Lord, and we will be restored;
Renew our days as of old,
22 Unless You have utterly rejected us,
And are very angry with us! Lamentations 5:19-22
History informs us that at the writing of this book, Jerusalem was reduced to rubble, but later restored under Nehemiah and Ezra in 445 BC. However that restoration doesn't fit the various prophetic promises associated with a future kingdom blessed by God and the redemption of His people under the New Covenant.
Thoughts?
“There is no one like the God of Jeshurun,
Who rides the heavens to help you,
And in His excellency on the clouds.
27 The eternal God is your refuge,
And underneath are the everlasting arms;
He will thrust out the enemy from before you,
And will say, ‘Destroy!’
28 Then Israel shall dwell in safety,
The fountain of Jacob alone,
In a land of grain and new wine;
His heavens shall also drop dew.
29 Happy are you, O Israel!
Who is like you, a people saved by the Lord,
The shield of your help
And the sword of your majesty!
Your enemies shall submit to you,
And you shall tread down their high places.” Deuteronomy 33:26-29
It's a very powerful look at God's judgment of His rebellious people by the sword. I just wanted to look at a few passages in the light of history, as the book, though introspective, also appears more than retrospective and was written by the prophet.
The Lord has fulfilled His fury,
He has poured out His fierce anger.
He kindled a fire in Zion,
And it has devoured its foundations.
12 The kings of the earth,
And all inhabitants of the world,
Would not have believed
That the adversary and the enemy
Could enter the gates of Jerusalem—
13 Because of the sins of her prophets
And the iniquities of her priests,
Who shed in her midst
The blood of the just. Lamentations 4:11-13
This is written in the past tense and describes the fall of Jerusalem under Nebuchadnezzar's army. But further down in the same passage we find:
The punishment of your iniquity is accomplished,
O daughter of Zion;
He will no longer send you into captivity.
He will punish your iniquity,
O daughter of Edom;
He will uncover your sins! Lamentations 4:22
Again, this was written well before the destruction of Jerusalem in 70AD and the further dispersion of Judah resulting from their rebellion against Rome. So, doesn't this actually apply to that later destruction?
Was the punishment of the iniquity of Zion accomplished a 2nd time in 70AD? Or is there a 3rd time expected in the future in the form of "Jacob's troubles?"
Is this entirely retrospective or does it remain prophetic?
And does prophecy repeat itself?
The book of lamentations helps me when I consider the times I suffered trials as the discipline of God, but I have a greater hope in the faithfulness of Christ and His promises. I've always been disappointed by the last verses of lamentations, because they end with a question that implies that the mercies of God are not forever and sound despairing.
You, O Lord, remain forever;
Your throne from generation to generation.
20 Why do You forget us forever,
And forsake us for so long a time?
21 Turn us back to You, O Lord, and we will be restored;
Renew our days as of old,
22 Unless You have utterly rejected us,
And are very angry with us! Lamentations 5:19-22
History informs us that at the writing of this book, Jerusalem was reduced to rubble, but later restored under Nehemiah and Ezra in 445 BC. However that restoration doesn't fit the various prophetic promises associated with a future kingdom blessed by God and the redemption of His people under the New Covenant.
Thoughts?
“There is no one like the God of Jeshurun,
Who rides the heavens to help you,
And in His excellency on the clouds.
27 The eternal God is your refuge,
And underneath are the everlasting arms;
He will thrust out the enemy from before you,
And will say, ‘Destroy!’
28 Then Israel shall dwell in safety,
The fountain of Jacob alone,
In a land of grain and new wine;
His heavens shall also drop dew.
29 Happy are you, O Israel!
Who is like you, a people saved by the Lord,
The shield of your help
And the sword of your majesty!
Your enemies shall submit to you,
And you shall tread down their high places.” Deuteronomy 33:26-29