Adam, who was a sinless man, was told not to eat of the tree of knowledge or he would die that day. God is all knowing and he knew how to communicate to Adam in human terms. Adam did die the day he ate, but it had to be a spiritual death because he lived here on earth hundreds of years after he ate. Sin was now a part of Adam and was in his blood. The father passes his blood to the children, therefore all are born dead spiritually.
Jesus, who was a sinless man, since God was his father, came to offer his blood as a sacrifice for us. He taught the people that they would have to be born again, this time spiritually, in order to enter into the kingdom of God.
Jesus would raise the physically dead and the spiritually dead.
Rom 5:12 Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:
Jesus, who was a sinless man, since God was his father, came to offer his blood as a sacrifice for us. He taught the people that they would have to be born again, this time spiritually, in order to enter into the kingdom of God.
Joh 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
Joh 3:6 That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
Joh 3:7 Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again.
Jesus would raise the physically dead and the spiritually dead.
Joh 11:23 Jesus saith unto her, Thy brother shall rise again.
Joh 11:24 Martha saith unto him, I know that he shall rise again in the resurrection at the last day.
Joh 11:25 Jesus said unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live:
Joh 11:26 And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die. Believest thou this?
As a believer we shall never die, spiritually. That means we will not be resurrected on the last day that Martha had spoke of, but our spirit will go directly to heaven when our body dies.
The last day Martha had spoken of would be judgment day that would come, according to Jesus, in their generation.
Mat 24:33 So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors.
Mat 24:34 Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled.
Mat 24:35 Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.
Mat 24:36 But of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only.
Heaven and earth Jesus spoke of is the old covenant of which the temple was the focal point in which God and man meet.
Mat 24:1 And Jesus went out, and departed from the temple: and his disciples came to him for to shew him the buildings of the temple.
Mat 24:2 And Jesus said unto them, See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.
Mat 24:3 And as he sat upon the mount of Olives, the disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? and what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the age?
These questions were judgment day questions and the temple was destroyed in 70 AD, less than 40 years after his Crucifixion. This was the end of the age of law and the beginning of the age of grace. It was also the last day that Martha spoke of.