I just wish to establish what Jeremiah 33:17 (and 18) really says (and does not read as in the OP, which wrongly insinuates that David did not want anyone else "to sit upon the throne of the house of Israel"): "For this is what Jehovah says: ' There will never fail to be a man from David's line to sit on the throne of the house of Israel, nor will the Levitical priests ever fail to have a man stand before me to offer whole burnt offerings, to burn grain offerings, and to offer sacrifices ' ".(New World Translation, see also Jer 33:26)
Then, to further permanently fix this as true, verses 19-22 states that "the word of Jehovah again came to Jeremiah, saying: "This is what Jehovah says, ' If you could break my covenant regarding the day and my covenant regarding the night, to prevent day and night from coming at their proper time (see Jer 31:35-37; 33:25), only then could my covenant with my servant David be broken (see 2 Sam 7:12, 13), so that he should not have a son (or descendant that was fulfilled with Jesus crowned king of God's Kingdom in 1914, Dan 7:13, 14) ruling as king on his throne, and so also my covenant with the Levitical priests, my ministers (that is fulfilled with 144,000 [Rev 14:1-4] selected "out of every tribe and tongue and people and nation" who are anointed and "sealed" with holy spirit [Eph 1:13, 14] to serve as a "kingdom of priests" [Ex 19:6], or God's Kingdom, Rev 5:9, 10). Just as the army of the heavens (or stars) cannot be counted and the sand of the sea cannot be measured, so I will multiply the offspring of my servant David (who is here meant by Jesus Christ, see Jer 30:9; Eze 34:23, 24; Hos 3:5) and the Levites who are ministering to me".