NO "Atonement" before 1510 AD.

[Curious George]

No "atonement" before 1510 AD. Why does anyone use that word after 1510? There's no Hebrew or Greek word that equal's Tyndale's invented word.

 

[Curious George]

Atone, Atoned, Atones, Atoning, & Atonement are not found in original OT or NT manuscripts.
No NT Greek words = atonement, appeasement, expiation, propitiation, reparation, satisfaction.

 

[Curious George]

(1963) NASB irresponsibly (82x) superimposes: atone (3x), atoned (2x), atonement (76x), atoning (1x).
(1971) NASB irresponsibly (94x) superimposes: atone (3x), atoned (2x), atonement (88x), atoning (1x).
(1995) NASB irresponsibly (82x) superimposes: atone (3x), atoned (2x), atonement (76x), atoning (1x).
(2020) NASB (123x) superimposes: atone (3x), atoned (1x), atonement (90x), atoning (1x), atoning-cover (28x).
Lockman Foundation betrayal / failure:
"These publications shall be true to the original Hebrew, Aramaic, & Greek."
(Who We Are - Lockman Foundation)

 

[Curious George]

Apostles’ Creed (120-250 AD),
Nicene Creed (325 & 381),
Chalcedonian Creed (451),
Athanasian Creed (500),
The Didache (60-150),
Creed of Aristides of Athens (100s),
Old Roman Symbol / Creed (215),
Creed of Cyprian of Carthage (250),
Der Balyzeh Papyrus (200-350),
Creeds of Arius & Euzoius (320/327),
Creed of Alexander of Alexandria (321-324),
1st Synod of Antioch (325),
2nd Dedication of Antioch (341),
Baptismal Creed of Jerusalem (350),
Apostolic Constitutions (350-380).
They could not & do not mention the word atonement.

 

[Curious George]

(1382 / 1395) The WYCLIFFE Bible ~ wesley.nnu.edu/fileadmin/imported_site/wycliffe/Lev.txt
Lev.23:27 = day of clensyngis schal be moost solempne, & it schal be clepid hooli;
& ye schulen turmente youre soulis to God, & ye schulen offre brent sacrifice to the Lord
Lev.23:28 = day of the clensyng, that youre Lord God be merciful to you

(ZERO Atonement in the first hand-written English language Bible ~ 1380's.)

 

[Curious George]

(325–350) Codex Vaticanus ~ OT ~ Old Testament Greek (LXX) – Codex Vaticanus Vol. 1 Part IV
{Only 759 pages of 820 survive. It's in all Capital letters, with no spaces between the Greek words.}
{Leviticus = p.99 to 137} ~ See p.130, col.1 of 3, lines 35 to 44 for:
Lev.23:27 = ἡμέρα ἐξιλασμοῦ [hemera exilasmou]
Lev.23:28 = ἡμέρα ἐξιλασμοῦ αὕτη ὑμῖν ἐξιλάσασθαι [hemera exilasmou haute hymin exilasasthai]

 

[Curious George]

(282 BC) LXX-Septuagint (70), Pentateuch (Torah) ~ en.katabiblon.com/us/index.php?text=LXX&book=Lv&ch=23
Lev.23:27 = καὶ τῇ δεκάτῃ τοῦ μηνὸς τοῦ ἑβδόμου τούτου ἡμέρα ἐξιλασμοῦ [hemera exilasmou] κλητὴ ἁγία ἔσται ὑμῖν καὶ ταπεινώσετε τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν καὶ προσάξετε ὁλοκαύτωμα τῷ κυρίῳ
Lev.23:28 = πᾶν ἔργον οὐ ποιήσετε ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ ἔστιν γὰρ ἡμέρα ἐξιλασμοῦ αὕτη ὑμῖν ἐξιλάσασθαι
[hemera exilasmou haute hymin exilasasthai] περὶ ὑμῶν ἔναντι κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ ὑμῶν

 

[Curious George]

(1440-1400 BC) HEBREW Leviticus (VaYikra) ~ www.bayithamashiyach.com/Leviticus_23.pdf (& 25.pdf)
Yom Kippur doesn't occur in Scripture. ~ www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Yom-Kippur.html#.V9kqJq3UaGw
Yom Kippurim occurs in Lev.23:28.
Yom Hakippurim (plural) occurs in Lev.23:27 & 25:9.
“Yom Kippur (often mistranslated as the Day of Atonement)” -- The New Oxford Annotated Bible: New RSV, 2010, 4th Edition (p.166), edited by Michael David Coogan, Marc Zvi Brettler, Carol Ann Newsom, Pheme Perkins (see Google Books).

COVER (not “atone”) was, is, & always will be, the basic meaning of these 4 related Hebrew words:
1. H3722 (102x) kaphar = to coat or cover.
2. H3724 (17x) kopher = a cover, bitumen.
3. H3725 (8x) kippur = cover (Ex.29:36; 30:10,16; Lev.23:27,28; 25:9; Num.5:8; 29:11).
4. H3727 (27x) kapporeth = (exclusively, the gold) lid cover {improperly translated as Mercy Seat}.

 

[Curious George]

Gen.6:14 ~ Make an ark of gopher wood. H3722-COVER it inside & out with an H3724-bitumen-pitch-COVERING.

Not: “Noah, don't COVER the wood (making the boat waterproof), just ATONE (for) it inside & out with ATONEMENT.”

Make thee an arke of timber ...lhalt [shalt] thou make in the arke, & lhalt PITCH it within & without with BITUME.
(https://archive.org/stream/1610A.d.DouayOldTestament1582A.d.RheimsNewTestament_176/Douay-Rheims-1610-Bible_djvu.txt)

 

[Curious George]

(1500 AD) Early Modern English (used by Shakespeare) ~ Atonement is a substitute & superimposed notion,
not a literal or legitimate translation (or transliteration). The atonement-label for Old & New covenant was
invented around 1510 AD when “at-one-ment” was coined to supplant “kippur”.

“Atonement” is TYNDALE’S faulty notion, a private interpretation (2Pet.1:20), a perpetuated paraphrase.

Not a soul on the planet heard of "atonement" (or “Day of Atonement”) until 1510.

No one used that term -- no OT or NT Scripture, no clay object, no wood object, no stone tablet, no stele, no vellum, no parchment,
no papyrus, no scroll, no book, no scribe, no priest, no rabbi, no cleric, no apostle, no prophet, no teacher, no preacher, no evangelist,
no commentator, no scholar, no translator, no disciple, no deacon, no chaplain, no elder, no bishop, no shepherd, no pastor, no minister,
no reverend, no missionary, no padre, no parson & no person.​

 

[Scott Downey]

H3722 - kāp̄ar - Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (kjv)

H3722 - כָּפַר kâphar, kaw-far'; a primitive root; to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or cancel:—appease, make (an atonement, cleanse, disannul, forgive, be merciful, pacify, pardon, purge (away), put off, (make) reconcile(-liation).

www.blueletterbible.org

TOOLS

Gen 6:14
Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch H3722 it within and without with pitch.
TOOLS

Gen 32:20
And say ye moreover, Behold, thy servant Jacob is behind us. For he said, I will appease H3722 him with the present that goeth before me, and afterward I will see his face; peradventure he will accept of me.
TOOLS

Exo 29:33
And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, H3722 to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy.
TOOLS

Exo 29:36
And thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement: and thou shalt cleanse the altar, when thou hast made an atonement H3722 for it, and thou shalt anoint it, to sanctify it.
TOOLS

Exo 29:37
Seven days thou shalt make an atonement H3722 for the altar, and sanctify it; and it shall be an altar most holy: whatsoever toucheth the altar shall be holy.
TOOLS

Exo 30:10
And Aaron shall make an atonement H3722 upon the horns of it once in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement H3722 upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the LORD.
TOOLS

Exo 30:15
The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less than half a shekel, when they give an offering unto the LORD, to make an atonement H3722 for your souls.
TOOLS

 

[Scott Downey]

Why Does ‘Atonement’ Disappear in the New Testament?

The word “atonement” appears all over the ESV’s translation of the Old Testament, but never in the New. Didn’t Jesus make atonement for our sins?

www.desiringgod.org

So there’s no Greek word for kaphar in the Greek New Testament, and there’s no English word for kaphar in the English New Testament. Amazing. Why is that? That’s Brian’s question: Why is that? And I think Brian’s suggestion is on the right track. He asks, “Is it because the Hebrew word kaphar means ‘to cover’ and Christ’s death and resurrection actually erases or forgives our sins rather than merely covering our sins?”

Now, I wouldn’t want to say that kaphar in the Old Testament only meant “cover” and not “put away.” I don’t think that’s the case, but I think you’re on the right track. Maybe more generally, we should say this: the achievement of Christ in his death so utterly outstripped anything referred to by the kaphar word group in the Old Testament that the New Testament writers didn’t want to use words with that kind of association or limitation.

The Worth of Christ’s Work​

But here’s another way to say it, maybe: it’s not just that the New Testament writers wanted to avoid the inadequate connotations of kaphar in the Old Testament. I think, and this is more important, they wanted to celebrate with greater specificity and fullness what actually happened in the death of Jesus in dealing with sin, rather than just over and over again using a word like “he covered it,” “he covered it,” “he covered it.” Let me just give you some examples so you can see what I mean by this amazing variety of specificity they wanted to celebrate.

• They used the word lytraoō to draw out the ransom (Mark 10:45).
• They used the word apolutrōsis to get at the meaning of redemption (Ephesians 1:7).
• They used the word hilastērion to draw out propitiation (Romans 3:25).
• They used the word katallassō to draw out the meaning of reconciliation (Romans 5:10).
• They used the word katharismos to draw out the meaning of purification for sins (Hebrews 1:3).
• They used pherō and thusias to show Christ’s offering of himself as a sacrifice (Hebrews 7:27).
• They used aphaireō and periaireō to refer to taking away sins (Hebrews 10:4, 11).
• They used dikaioō to get at justification (Romans 5:9).
• They used sōzō to get at simply saving us from our sins (Matthew 1:21).

Sometimes they simply stated the fact Jesus died and then made the connection with the removal of God’s wrath, like in 1 Thessalonians 5:9–10: “God has not destined us for wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, who died for us so that whether we are awake or asleep we might live with him.” So the point there is not to give it any particular name at all — just to say he died, and that’s why there’s no wrath against us anymore.

So yes, Brian, I think you’re right that the kaphar idea, the atonement idea of the Old Testament, is inadequate to describe what Christ accomplished when he shed his blood. I only want to add to your explanation that the New Testament writers were eager to tell us more about how God saved us through the death of Jesus than any one word could ever have told us. I would encourage every Christian to study and meditate on the wonder and the variety of the words that the New Testament uses to describe the greatest of all events in history: the death and resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ. You won’t regret it.

 

[Curious George]

H3722 - kāp̄ar - Strong's Hebrew Lexicon (kjv)

H3722 - כָּפַר kâphar, kaw-far'; a primitive root; to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or cancel:—appease, make (an atonement, cleanse, disannul, forgive, be merciful, pacify, pardon, purge (away), put off, (make) reconcile(-liation).

www.blueletterbible.org

TOOLS

Gen 6:14
Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch H3722 it within and without with pitch.
TOOLS

Gen 32:20
And say ye moreover, Behold, thy servant Jacob is behind us. For he said, I will appease H3722 him with the present that goeth before me, and afterward I will see his face; peradventure he will accept of me.
TOOLS

Exo 29:33
And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, H3722 to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy.
TOOLS

Exo 29:36
And thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement: and thou shalt cleanse the altar, when thou hast made an atonement H3722 for it, and thou shalt anoint it, to sanctify it.
TOOLS

Exo 29:37
Seven days thou shalt make an atonement H3722 for the altar, and sanctify it; and it shall be an altar most holy: whatsoever toucheth the altar shall be holy.
TOOLS

Exo 30:10
And Aaron shall make an atonement H3722 upon the horns of it once in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement H3722 upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the LORD.
TOOLS

Exo 30:15
The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less than half a shekel, when they give an offering unto the LORD, to make an atonement H3722 for your souls.
TOOLS

I love BLB, but sometimes they use words (like atonement) that perpetuate unfaithful translation.