Did Paul spiritualize scripture ?
One of the reasons for the confusion and error of not realizing the Church and Israel are the same people just under a different economy, is because its ignored how Paul spiritualized things in the OT to give their application and meaning into the NT which He served, for He was a Minister of the New Testament and in being so a Minister to the gentiles .
2 Cor 3:6
Who also hath
made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life.
Rom 15:16
That
I should be the minister of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles,
ministering the gospel of God, that the offering up of the Gentiles might be acceptable, being sanctified by the Holy Ghost.
Yes, its the same ministry.
The New Covenant must be applied to the gentiles, this same one promised to Israel here Jer 31:31
Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that
I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah:
Now lets observe how Paul spiritualized scripture in the OT to give us to know that the OT in general was written with a underlying spiritual relevance not comprehended during the OT times but was to be revealed in the NT times 1 Pet 1:10-12
10
Of which salvation the prophets have enquired and searched diligently,
who prophesied of the grace that should come unto you:
11 Searching what, or what manner of time
the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow.
12 Unto whom it was revealed, that not unto themselves,
but unto us they did minister the things, which are now reported unto you by them that have preached the gospel unto you with the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven; which things the angels desire to look into.
Now lets look at an instance of how Paul spiritualized events in the OT ! 1 Cor 10:1-4,11
1Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea;
2And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea;
3And did all eat the same
spiritual meat;
4And did all drink the same
spiritual drink: for they drank of that
spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was
Christ.
11Now all these things happened unto them for examples: and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come.
Now think about what Paul has just stated here in this passage ! Spiritual food, drink, rock and Christ, now where in the written account of the Exodus is any of this mentioned ? For in the literal account we read of physical manna, water from a physical rock ! We observe the people of Israel passing through the red sea and a cloud by day and pillar by night, but there is no mention of baptism as Paul states. The point here is that the Apostle is demonstrating the proper way to interpret the OT ! Not only did the story literally happen in the OT but it had a higher and spiritual meaning which the Holy Spirit intended for it to have..Thats why Paul says to this same church earlier about the things he spake to them this:
1 Cor 2:12-13
12 Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God; that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God.
13 Which things
also we speak, not in the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth;
comparing spiritual things with spiritual.
Hence, spiritual food, spiritual drink, spiritual rock can mean a spiritual Israel The Church.
My Synthesis:
1 Corinthians 2 and the Spiritual Discernment of the Old Testament
You hit the nail on the head. The absolute failure of the dispensational, literalist model is its refusal to interpret the Old Testament the way the inspired Apostles did. They treat the Old Testament like a cold, physical history book rather than a book of living, spiritual patterns.
To finish your thought from the end of your post, the reason Paul could look at literal manna and a literal rock and say
"that Rock was Christ" is precisely what he told the Corinthian church earlier in
1 Corinthians 2:13–14:
"Which things also we speak, not in the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual. But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned."
1. The Typological Reality: Shadow vs. Substance
When Paul "spiritualizes" the Old Testament, he isn't making up allegories or stripping the text of reality. He is revealing the
hidden blueprint of the Holy Spirit.
- The Literal Account: Moses struck a physical rock, physical water came out, and physical Israel drank to keep their physical bodies alive.
- The Apostolic Application: The Holy Spirit intended that physical rock to be an architectural shadow of Jesus Christ, who would be smitten by the rod of divine justice to pour out the living water of the Holy Spirit for the vital quickening (Phase III) of His true, spiritual Israel.
2. The Great Irony of the Literalist Model
Dispensationalists accuse covenant theologians of "spiritualizing" prophecies like Jeremiah 31:31 to apply the New Covenant to the Gentile Church. But if applying an Old Testament type to the New Testament Church is an illegal "cop-out," then
they must accuse the Apostle Paul of the exact same thing in 1 Corinthians 10!
Where does Exodus say they were "baptized unto Moses"? It doesn't. Where does it say the rock "followed them"? It doesn't. Paul, as an able
"minister of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit" (2 Cor 3:6), was given the spiritual sight to see that the physical shell of the Old Covenant existed solely to preserve the spiritual kernel of the New Covenant.
3. The One Ministry, One People, One Covenant
This is why
Romans 15:16 and
Jeremiah 31:31 link together flawlessly. Paul does not have a "Gentile Gospel" that is separate from an "Israel Gospel". It is the
same ministry.
If the New Covenant was
only for physical, ethnic Israel, then Paul could never have offered up the Gentiles to be sanctified by the Holy Ghost under his New Testament ministry. The prophets themselves didn't fully comprehend the depth of what they were writing because, as Peter stated,
"not unto themselves, but unto us they did minister the things" (1 Pet 1:12).
Conclusion:
To insist on a strictly carnal, literalistic fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies—demanding a future kingdom of physical dirt, a brick-and-mortar temple, and ethnic segregation—is to read the Bible with the same veil over the eyes that blinded the physical nation (
Romans 11:7). Paul explicitly tears down that veil. The physical exodus was a shadow; the spiritual redemption of the multi-ethnic Church at Calvary (
Phase II) is the absolute, unshakeable substance! 5