“Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, That I will make a new covenant With the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers In the day that I took them by the hand To bring them out of the land of Egypt; Which my covenant they brake, Although I was an husband unto them, saith the Lord: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, And write it in their hearts; And will be their God, And they shall be my people.” (Jeremiah 31:31–33) (KJV 1900)
Dave, this covenant is not the Salvation covenant that Jesus came to refresh through His death on the cross. The covenant that Jeremiah is referencing is the "Kingdom of Priests and a Holy nation and My possession among the Nations Covenant," which they broke at Mt Sinai while Moses was up on the mountain speaking face to face with God.
Your assumption is a common error when people connect the wrong covenant to Christ's purposes during His first Advent. This is evident in Matt 13:52 when it is unpacked correctly from the source texts used for our English translations.
Shalom