These are elementary issues, David. Christ was redeeming mankind, paying the price for
us. The philosophical question is "to whom was the price paid". Scripture does not address redemption in that context. Christ paid the price, suffered the consequences, redeemed us, the chastening for our well being fell upon Him, by His stripes we are healed, He learned obedience form His suffering, He was made perfect by the things He suffered, we were purchased by the precious blood of Christ.
The reason I do not address all of your questions is because most of your questions are based on worldly humanistic philosophy. The questions you ask demonstrate a faithlessness in what is actually written in Scripture.
This is like
@Enoch111 's argument that there has to be literal books in heaven that God thumbs through. You are missing the elementary truths of Scripture.