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  1. John Caldwell

    Was the death on the cross necessary?

    Good question! It doesn't. All positions hold the cross as necessary.
  2. John Caldwell

    Was the death on the cross necessary?

    I have learned long ago Scripture is not welcome in his theology fights. :D Best to ignore him and cast not your pearls lest you be tempted to answer fools according to their folly.
  3. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    Scripture tells us that Jesus and the disciples shared this cup. I agree this indicated the cross (and that the disciples shared it). It was the punishment of the world as Christ suffered and died at the hands of wicked men according to the Scriptures.
  4. John Caldwell

    Was the death on the cross necessary?

    @Anthony D'Arienzo , You do realize that my view is older than yours and more accepted within the Christian faith, right? Just because it is an older, orthodox, and historically held view does not make it right, granted. But you seem to talk as if you have never encountered it in your life...
  5. John Caldwell

    Was the death on the cross necessary?

    That's funny. I'm stealing it :p
  6. John Caldwell

    Anti-vaxxers

    I'm a pro-vaxxer. Growing up I watched Swamp Thing and believe it would be kinda cool to be transformed into a swamp monster...or better yet, Spider man. I try not to think about The Incredible Shrinking Woman. :D
  7. John Caldwell

    Was the death on the cross necessary?

    I agree. No one can deny the cross (or the Resurrection) and be saved because that is foundational to our faith. I believe the first step for Christians in studying our faith is acceptance - accept God's Word even if we do not fully understand it. And obey. Obey God without question. Learning...
  8. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    You said something interesting here, and I am curious as to where it came from. You say that the cup which Jesus drank (which Jesus said the disciples would indeed share) was the judgment of God against the sin of the world. In Scripture we see the "cup" being used often. In general it what is...
  9. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    Eternal Security depends on how one is defining salvation. In a way it is true (I believe the doctrine). But in a way it is not. Scripture looks to a people who will be saved ("on that day"). These are called the "elect" and we are to test ourselves to make sure that we are numbered among them...
  10. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    I absolutely agree. I have realized the same thing. PSA offers a lot of passages, but at the same time the passages they offer do not actually affirm the Theory. For example, they will offer “the chastening for our wellbeing fell upon Him” and say it proves God punished. But that is not...
  11. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    Then I have to say I do not understand your question. I am sorry, but I am not the sharpest tool in the shed. I do believe all human beings have to die (physically, in the flesh). I understand PSA and can articulate PSA and defend PSA more than I can my own position. I preached and taught in a...
  12. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    I understand why it would seem that way to you. For most of my life I held to PSA and it would have seemed that way to me as well because it is a righteousness not dependent on the law but on a second creation or “rebirth” of man. Yes, I absolutely agree with your statement and it is a good...
  13. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    I’m not sure which part you mean about PSA. But what I believe is that the wages of sin is death and it is appointed all men once to die and then the Judgment. So death, because of Adam’s transgression, is a part of what it is to be human. This is why Christ had to die in order to deliver us...
  14. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    This is not a true statement. I apologize as it is most likely due to a lack of clarity in my own responses. Jesus died for our sins according to the scriptures, was buried, and rose again the third day according to the scriptures. According to the Scriptures Christ died at the hands of...
  15. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    My position is along the lines of C.S. Lewis, N.T. Wright, Donald Kraybill and Mark Heim (closer to the first two) if that helps. Basically, it is the same as the Ransom Theory except there is no payment to Satan (it is questionable that the earlier forms of Ransom Theory viewed a literal...
  16. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    They are my theory of atonement. I believe that the Atonement or Reconciliation was God giving His Son as a sin offering to suffer and die at the hands of the wicked (think of the parables Jesus told of the kingdom). Jesus was made “flesh”, one of us yet without sin. He was tempted as we are...
  17. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    No, that is not what I am saying at all. I am saying that Christ's blood was the price for our salvation. We were redeemed by the blood of Christ. I think you may be using "atonement" as an amalgamation of several things and rolling it into one. Christ had to be man to be the "last Adam"...
  18. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    I agree to a lot here, brother. Something that I have not fully grasped is our punishment. Peter tells us (tells Christians) that we will be judged according to our deeds. We are told that if we do not forgive those who have wronged God will not forgive us. So there seems to be a sense of...
  19. John Caldwell

    How does the Theory of Penal Substitution Atonement necessitate the Cross?

    Hey Angelina, I’m coming from a Christus Victor position. Jesus did die for our sins. I absolutely believe this. But I do not believe that God punished Jesus for our sins instead of punishing us so that God could forgive our sins. I’d say that God gave His Son as a sin offering. It was God’s...