How did the Trinity doctrine develop in the early church?

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Grailhunter

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Why would Theos translate as Yahweh in the first instance and divine in the second instance?

Fair advice....
When a Jehovah's Witness start the word analysis thing....tell them to peddle there lies somewhere else. They claim to know Hebrew and Greek but don't know there are no J's in the scriptures. Hebrew and Greek do not have J's, English does but not until 15th century. God the Father's name is Yahweh but they go with Jehovah. If they knew the languages they would know that Yeshua was/is a God and Hell exists.
 
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walter

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Fair advice....
When a Jehovah's Witness start the word analysis thing....tell them to peddle there lies somewhere else. They claim to know Hebrew and Greek but don't know there are no J's in the scriptures. Hebrew and Greek do not have J's, English does but not until 15th century. God the Father's name is Yahweh but they go with Jehovah. If they knew the languages they would know that Yeshua was/is a God and Hell exists.
We have many brothers and sisters that speak the Greek language and we have a complete website in the Greek language.

In total our website is in 1,108 languages.
 

Grailhunter

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We have many brothers and sisters that speak the Greek language and we have a complete website in the Greek language.

In total our website is in 1,108 languages.

Jehovah's Wittness' version of biblical languages. They wrote their own Bible but no Greek scholar has praise it as being accurate linguistically. And what they call their religion. God the Father's name is not Jehovah. Even their title is wrong. They are deceivers destined for Hell.
 

walter

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God the Father's name is not Jehovah. Even their title is wrong.
Don't you think people should use a pronunciation they feel is correct? What's wrong with Yahweh, I just think it's wrong to remove God's name from the entire Bible. :ntmetu our website translates God's name in so many different ways in 1,108 languages, does it really matter which pronunciation anybody uses?
 
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Jack

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The trinity didn’t exist then either....which is why no one spoke about it until the foretold apostasy took place and the church ran away with its own ideas about a lot of things....this apostasy was beginning at the end of the first century and the apostles were restraining it....so once they were gone, the “weeds” that Jesus foretold would take over the church, almost choked out the “wheat” by silencing any who dared to challenge the doctrines and authority of “the church”.

Protestantism did away with so many unbiblical Catholic doctrines.....but the big three as @Jack has a lifetime subscription to....were retained......go figure?

These three...the trinity, immortality of the soul, and hellfire are as authentic as devotion to Mary “the mother of God”....her immaculate conception, purgatory, transsubstantiation of the bread and wine into the literal flesh and blood of Jesus, rosary beads, and any other Catholic belief you can think of.

Who said that the big three, believed by the majority who claim to be “Christians”, are true, because the Bible does not teach any of them? They are only ‘suggested’ by doctrine, and only if you read Scripture that is incorrectly translated....but none are directly stated. If our beliefs are only based on their beliefs, rather than direct unequivocal statements....there is the root cause of all unresolved Scriptural debates.
Well lookie. Aunty has ZERO Scripture to twist for the WatchTower.
 

walter

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So why do JW's try to tell us our English Bibles are WRONG if they don't know English? lol
I read 50 different English translations of the Bible on Bible Hub and Bible Gateway, in my research I believe I can support my beliefs with any Bible and probably so can anybody else.
 

Jack

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I read 50 different English translations of the Bible on Bible Hub and Bible Gateway, in my research I believe I can support my beliefs with any Bible and probably so can anybody else.
Are you JW? Do you believe Jesus is God? Hell Fire is everlasting?
 

Grailhunter

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Don't you think people should use a pronunciation they feel is correct? What's wrong with Yahweh, I just think it's wrong to remove God's name from the entire Bible. :ntmetu our website translates God's name in so many different ways in 1,108 languages, does it really matter which pronunciation anybody uses?

The names of God the Father and God the Son are important......Nothing translates to Jehovah or Jesus and every human lip can pronounce their names correctly. I guess you could call them Mike and Jerry it would be as accurate. And that goes for biblical figures also. Yeshua's mother's name is Miriam.
 

walter

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Are you JW? Do you believe Jesus is God? Hell Fire is everlasting?
- I am a JW
- I can only quote Jesus words and quote the Apostles words to explain what I believe.
- And yes Hellfire is Everlasting, but those in Hell are dead not alive. Those who are in Hell are not resurrected to life in Hell.
 
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Aunty Jane

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Why would Theos translate as Yahweh in the first instance and divine in the second instance?
Well therein lies the problem....if you don’t see the problem, you cannot adjust your thinking.

Only Yahweh is called “ho theos”....Jesus never is.

“Theos” means any god or goddess or divine person...it’s not an exclusive term that means Yahweh alone.
So, calling Yahweh “ho theos” differentiates him from his divine son when they are both mentioned together.

In John 1:1, Yahweh is the first “theos” mentioned with the definite article (ho) and the Word (Jesus) is just addressed as “theos”.

John 1:14 says that it is “the Word” who “became flesh”, not Yahweh.
The Word was with Yahweh in the beginning.....but what beginning is this? The Eternal God had no “beginning” and Paul tells us that Jesus is “the firstborn of all creation”. (Col 1:15) He was the first and only die t creation of the Father....all other creation came “through” him, not “from” him. )Col 1:15-15; John 1:2-3)

Read John 10:31-36 and see that God called human judges “theos” (gods) and read in Greek the definite article shows where Yahweh is meant and where others called “theos” are not God with a capital “G”.
 

Jack

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- I am a JW
- I can only quote Jesus words and quote the Apostles words to explain what I believe.
- And yes Hellfire is Everlasting, but those in Hell are dead not alive.
Then why don't you quote what Jesus said about Hell Fire?

You don't even believe the JW translation!

NWT: Rev 20:10 " they will be tormented day and night forever and ever.
 

Jack

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Well therein lies the problem....if you don’t see the problem, you cannot adjust your thinking.

Only Yahweh is called “ho theos”....Jesus never is.

“Theos” means any god or goddess or divine person...it’s not an exclusive term that means Yahweh alone.
So, calling Yahweh “ho theos” differentiates him from his divine son when they are both mentioned together.

In John 1:1, Yahweh is the first “theos” mentioned with the definite article (ho) and the Word (Jesus) is just addressed as “theos”.

John 1:14 says that it is “the Word” who “became flesh”, not Yahweh.
The Word was with Yahweh in the beginning.....but what beginning is this? The Eternal God had no “beginning” and Paul tells us that Jesus is “the firstborn of all creation”. (Col 1:15) He was the first and only die t creation of the Father....all other creation came “through” him, not “from” him. )Col 1:15-15; John 1:2-3)

Read John 10:31-36 and see that God called human judges “theos” (gods) and read in Greek the definite article shows where Yahweh is meant and where others called “theos” are not God with a capital “G”.
Did you attend Kingdom Hall Bible 'TWISTING the Hell out of the Bible' classes? All of our English Bibles, including the JW NWT say you're wrong Aunty. But the WatchTower says you're right. Who should we believe? lol
 

The Learner

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I just quoted Scripture Jack....I never mentioned the Watchtower because it’s the name of a printing facility used by Jehovah’s Witnesses to provide printed, Bible based material to people at no cost.

Does your minister get paid, Jack? Our elders do not.
Does he charge for the services he is supposed to provide? Weddings?...funerals?...baptisms? Our elders don’t.
Is he provided with a house, a car, and all utilities paid for by the congregation? Our elders don’t.
Does he rely on the collection plate (or it’s electronic equivalent) to fund his lifestyle? Our elders don’t because they are self supporting.

Jesus said...”you received free, give free”....should a person expect payment to do the Lord’s work?

I guess you don’t like it when Scripture fails to support your arguments....perhaps you should study the Bible and see for yourself what it teaches...instead of relying on a broken church system that gives its members nothing but repetition and ritual....when people today need so much more....especially spiritually.

Can your church answer all the difficult questions, Jack?....and give people a reason to hope that things will get better here on earth .......or do they have to wait till they die and go to heaven?
1 Timothy 5:17-18: "Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in preaching and teaching. For the Scripture says, 'You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain,' and, 'The laborer deserves his wages.'"

1 Corinthians 9:7-14: Paul argues that just as an ox eats while working, those who preach the gospel should live from the gospel.

Galatians 6:6: "Let the one who is taught the word share all good things with the one who teaches."

Matthew 10:10 / Luke 10:7: Jesus states, "the laborer is worthy of his food/wages" when sending out disciples.
 

The Learner

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The term Trinity is not in the scriptures, but it is a good term. Up to the 4th century the Trinity did not have the 3 in 1 definition.....that was done by the Roman Catholic Church and forced on Christians under penalty of death.

Part of the reason that this topic is confusing and the 3 in 1 false belief has lasted so long is because Yahweh's name was taken out of the Old Testament around 6,800 times and replaced with Lord or God.....So the term God became a name. Several times Yahweh said He was the only God and there was no other like Him and He created everything. And over all I agree with Yahweh on this. But the New Testament seems to say that Yeshua was in the Old Testament and created everything. Again I agree with Yahweh.

But I do agree with Albert Einstein's theory on Gods and time. It is complex but essentially Gods relate to time as in to some extent they exist past, present, and future. In that Yeshua and the Holy Spirit existed in the Old Testament but more as awareness not actually named in the Old Testament or part of events. But with the Holy Spirit not having a name and Father and Son having spirits that are holy, it can get confusing.

Posts 156-162 not counting 159 for details.
Clement of Rome, AD 95-96

By [Jesus] the Lord has willed that we should taste of immortal knowledge, "who, being the brightness of His majesty, is by so much greater than the angels, as He hath by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they" [Heb. 1:3-4]. For it is thus written, "Who maketh His angels spirits, and His ministers a flame of fire" [Ps. 104:4; Heb. 1:7]. But concerning His Son the Lord spoke thus: "Thou art my Son, to-day have I begotten Thee. Ask of Me, and I will give Thee the heathen for Thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for Thy possession" [Ps. 2:7-8; Heb. 1:5]. (1 Clement 36)

Ignatius of Antioch, AD 110
Our God, Jesus Christ, was, according to the appointment of God, conceived in the womb by Mary, of the seed of David, but by the Holy Spirit. (Letter to the Ephesians 18)

Do ye all come together in common, and individually, through grace, in one faith of God the Father, and of Jesus Christ His only-begotten Son, and the first-born of every creature" [Col. 1:15] but of the seed of David according to the flesh, being under the guidance of the Comforter. (Letter to the Ephesians 20)

Ignatius, who is also called Theophorus, to the Church which has obtained mercy, through the majesty of the Most High Father, and Jesus Christ, His only-begotten Son; the Church which is beloved and enlightened by the will of Him that willeth all things which are according to the love of Jesus Christ our God. (greeting to the Letter to the Romans)

Ignatius … to the church of God the Most High Father and his beloved Son, Jesus Christ, … I glorify God, even Jesus Christ, who has given you such wisdom … (Letter to the Smyrneans intro-ch. 1)

Anonymous, Letter to Diognetus, AD 80 - 130
This is he who was from the beginning, who appeared as if new, and was found old, and yet who is ever born afresh in the hearts of the saints. This is he who, being from everlasting, is today called the Son. (Letter to Diognetus 11)

Justin Martyr, c. AD 150
Jesus Christ is the only proper Son who has been begotten by God, being His Word and first-begotten, and power; and, becoming man according to His will, He taught us these things for the conversion and restoration of the human race. (First Apology 23)

And that God the Father of all would bring Christ to heaven after He had raised Him from the dead, and would keep Him there until He has subdued His enemies the devils, and until the number of those who are foreknown by Him as good and virtuous is complete, on whose account He has still delayed the consummation—hear what was said by the prophet David. These are his words: "The Lord said unto My Lord, Sit Thou at My right hand, until I make Thine enemies Thy footstool. The Lord shall send to Thee the rod of power out of Jerusalem; and rule Thou in the midst of Thine enemies. With Thee is the government in the day of Thy power, in the beauties of Thy saints: from the womb of morning have I begotten Thee" [Ps. 110:1-3, LXX]. (First Apology 45)

For they who are called devils attempt nothing else than to seduce men from God who made them, and from Christ His first-begotten. (First Apology 58)

"No one knows the Father but the Son, nor the Son but the Father, and those to whom the Son will reveal him" [Matt. 21:27]. The Jews, accordingly, being are throughout of the opinion that it was the Father of the universe who spoke to Moses [in the burning bush], though the One who spoke to him was the Son of God. … They are justly charged, both by the Spirit of Prophecy and by Christ himself, with knowing neither the Father nor the Son. Those who affirm that the Son is the Father are proven neither to be acquainted with the Father nor to know that the Father has a Son. The Son, being the first-begotten Word of God, is God. Of old he appeared in the shape of and in the likeness of an angel to Moses and other prophets, but now in the time of your reign [i.e., during the Roman empire] … he became man by a virgin … for the salvation of those who believe in him. (First Apology 63).

There is then brought to the president of the brethren [I think this refers to whoever is presiding at a meeting, but no one knows for certain] bread and a cup of wine mixed with water. He takes them, gives praise and glory to the Father of the universe through the name of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and offers thanks at considerable length for our being counted worthy to receive these things at his hands. (First Apology 65)

Leningrad Codex of the Hebrew Scriptures
Leningrad Codex of the Hebrew Scriptures
For all things with which we are supplied, we bless the Maker of all through his Son Jesus Christ and through the Holy Spirit. (First Apology 67)

But to the Father of all, who is unbegotten, there is no name given. .. And His Son, who alone is properly called Son, the Word who also was with him and was begotten before the works, when at first He created and arranged all things by Him, is called Christ, in reference to His being anointed and Godís ordering all things through him. (Second Apology 6)

Our Saviour Jesus Christ … being the Word of God, inseparable from Him in power, having assumed [the form of] man, who had been made in the image and likeness of God, restored to us the knowledge of the religion of our ancient forefathers. (Hortatory Address to the Greeks 38)

Permit me first to recount the prophecies, which I wish to do in order to prove that Christ is called both God and Lord of hosts and Jacob in parable by the Holy Spirit. (Dialogue with Trypho 36)

[Trypho the Jew speaking to Justin about Christians in general] Trypho said, " … You utter many blasphemies. You're attempting to persuade us that this crucified man was with Moses and Aaron, spoke to them in the pillar of the cloud, became crucified, ascended up to heaven, will come again to earth, and ought to be worshiped!"

Then I answered, "I know that, as the word of God says, this great wisdom of God, the Maker of all things, and the Almighty, is hidden from you." (Dialogue with Trypho 38)

In the fourty-fourth Psalm [LXX, in our Masoretic text, it's the 45th], these words are … referred to Christ: "My heart has brought forth a good Word" [v. 1, considered by the early Christians to be a reference to the birth of the Son/Word in eternity past]. (Dialogue with Trypho 38)

 

The Learner

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God begat before all creatures a Beginning, [who was] a certain rational power [proceeding] from Himself, who is called by the Holy Spirit, now the Glory of the Lord, now the Son, again Wisdom, again an Angel, then God, and then Lord and Logos; and on another occasion He calls Himself Captain, when He appeared in human form to Joshua the son of Nave (Nun). For He can be called by all those names, since He ministers to the Father’s will, and since He was begotten of the Father by an act of will; just as we see happening among ourselves: for when we give out some word, we beget the word; yet not by abscission, so as to lessen the word [which remains] in us, when we give it out: and just as we see also happening in the case of a fire, which is not lessened when it has kindled [another], but remains the same; and that which has been kindled by it likewise appears to exist by itself, not diminishing that from which it was kindled. The Word of Wisdom, who is Himself this God begotten of the Father of all things, and Word, and Wisdom, and Power, and the Glory of the Begetter, will bear evidence to me, when He speaks by Solomon the following: "If I shall declare to you what happens daily, I shall call to mind events from everlasting, and review them. The Lord made me the beginning of His ways for His works. From everlasting He established me in the beginning, before He had made the earth, and before He had made the deeps, before the springs of the waters had issued forth, before the mountains had been established ... [Prov. 8:22ff]. (Dialogue with Trypho 61)

Since we find it recorded in the memoirs of the apostles that he is the Son of God, and since we call him the Son, we have understood that he proceeded before all creatures from the Father by his power and his will ... and that he became man by the virgin, in order that the disobedience which proceeded from the serpent might receive its destruction in the same way in which it derived its origin. (Dialogue with Trypho 100)

For I have already proved that he was the only-begotten of the Father in everything, being begotten, in a unique way, Logos and Power by him, and afterwards become man through the virgin, as we have learned from the memoirs [of the apostles]. (Dialogue with Trypho 105)

Hermas, AD 100 - 160
"First of all, sir," I said, "Explain to me what is the meaning of the rock and the gate?"
"This rock," he answered, "and this gate are the Son of God."
"How, sir?" I said. "The rock is old, and the gate is new."
"Listen," he said, "and understand, O ignorant man. The Son of God is older than all his creatures, so that he was a fellow counselor with the Father in his work of creation. For this reason he is old."
"And why is the gate new, sir?" I said.
"Because," he answered, "he became manifest in the last days of the dispensation. For this reason the gate was made new, that they who are to be saved by it might enter into the kingdom of God." (Shepherd of Hermas III:9:12)
 

The Learner

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Tatian, c. AD 165
God was in the beginning, but the beginning, we have been taught, is the power of the Logos. For the Lord of the universe … since no creature was yet in existence, was alone. But, since he is all power, himself the necessary ground of things visible and invisible, with him were all things. With him, by Logos-power, the Logos Himself … subsists. By His simple will the Logos springs forth; and the Logos … becomes the first-begotten work of the Father.

Him we know to be the beginning of the world. But He came into being by participation, not by abscission [cutting off]. For what is cut off is separated from the original substance, but that which comes by participation … does not render him deficient from whom it is taken.

For just as from one torch many fires are lighted, but the light of the first torch is not lessened by the kindling of many torches, so the Logos, coming forth from the Logos-power of the Father, has not divested [the Father] of the Logos-power.

I myself, for instance, talk, and you hear. Yet I certainly do not become destitute of speech by the transmission of speech, but by the utterance of my voice I endeavour to reduce to order the unarranged matter in your minds. And as the Logos, begotten in the beginning, begat in turn our world, having first created for himself the necessary matter, so also I, in imitation of the Logos, being born again, and having become possessed of the truth, am trying to reduce to order the confused matter which is kindred with myself. (Address to the Greeks 5)

Theophilus, AD 168
You will say ... to me: "You said that God cannot to be contained in one place; how do you now say that he walked in Paradise?"

Hear what I say: The God and Father of all truly cannot be contained, and is not found, in a place ... but his Word, through whom he made all things, being his power and his wisdom, assuming the person of the Father and Lord of all, went to the garden in the person of God and conversed with Adam.

For the divine writing itself teaches us that Adam said that he had heard the voice. What else is this voice but the Word of God, who is also his Son? [He is] not [a son] in the way the poets and writers of myths speak of sons of gods begotten from intercourse, but as truth expounds, the Word, who always exists, residing within the heart of God. For before anything came into being [God] had him as a counselor, being his own mind and thought.

But when God wished to make all that he determined, he begot this Word, uttered, the firstborn of all creation, not himself being emptied of the Word [or Reason], but having begotten Reason, and always conversing with his Reason.

And this is what the holy writings teach us, as well as all the Spirit-bearing men, one of whom, John, says, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God" [Jn. 1:1], showing that at first God was alone, and the Word in him. Then he says, "The Word was God; all things came into existence through him, and apart from him not one thing came into existence."

The Word, then, being God, and being naturally produced from God, then whenever the Father of the universe wills, he sends him anywhere, and he is both heard and seen, being sent by Him, and is found in a place. (To Autolycus II:22)