Matt 13: 1-53 Jesus spoke 8 parables describing the coming kingdom of heaven, the first 4 he spoke to the mixed multitude the second 4 to His 12 disciples. In the parables & speaking to His 12 disciples, Jesus describes His view of His Kingdom & His future church and the great commission through His church and leadership of it. The householder describes the duties of the head of the household, the church leadership. Jesus is describing the duties of His appointed teachers/pastors/who are ministers of God who are charged with the duty to to preach the Word of God with their traditional understanding as the scribes, and to teach the old & also bring forth new insights in their roles as teacher/pastor/ministers do preach and applying the word to the present.Mat 13:52, Then said he unto them, Therefore every scribe which is instructed unto the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is an householder, which bringeth forth out of his treasure things new and old.
Similarly Apostle Paul in 2Tim 2:15 admonishing the servants of Jesus to be ministers of the Gospel to study, to be servants & workman of God to rightly divide the word of truth...
2 Timothy 2:15
“Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.”
Matthew 13:52 (KJV) - Forerunner Commentary