I would suggest you consider the passage that tells you God is not found in structures built by man.
Jesus was God, "Emmanuel=God with us". God cannot double talk himself as Jesus. When God is not found in structures built by man/mortals, Jesus would not say to Peter bar Jonah to construct an edifice of stone and wood to house God's word and authority.
The Rock is found all through the old testament. The OT is the foundation of the new. The prophecies in the old are fulfilled in the new. God is the rock.
In Matthew 16 when Jesus spoke of building his church upon the rock, Jesus was saying Peter and the other disciples, would in fulfilling the great commission build the church of Christ, the Ekklesia, the individual holy spirit reborn regenerated faithful, on the Gospel good news of Salvation.
Salvation! Is the rock Peter and the disciples would build the church upon.
By bringing the good news to those who would feel led to believe, repent, be reborn, indwelt by holy spirit God, and saved by the grace of God, the rock. Salvation is of God and is by the grace of God offered to all the world as a covenant of immortal life.
In the time of Christ and also the old testament covenant, covenants, there are many in scripture, were sealed by blood.
Jesus death on the cross was to seal the new covenant of salvation. His resurrection after three days, three representing eternal life, informed his followers of the truth of the Salvation Gospel. Jesus conquered death. Though he died in the flesh he lived. The message Jesus delivered to the people during his ministry was proven true by Jesus' miracles and his death and resurrection. And furthered by his walking the earth after resurrection and for 40 days. Forty in Hebrew numerology represents transition or change; the concept of renewal; a new beginning.
Those who witnessed Jesus continuing his ministry after they witnessed his dying on the cross knew he was the Messiah. Because as he taught them, The Word conquers death.
Ancient Hebrews were persecuted. As a result symbolism and related numbers became part of their language, their communications. And this in order to avail themselves of privacy and safety from those who would seek to persecute them for their beliefs and existence. Everything Jesus did, all that he taught and which was very often a retelling of the old testament parables the people knew about, was to deliver a deeper message than just words. Words, acts, as the number three figured prominently in Jesus ministry, communicated in one way. The meaning behind the timelines, three, forty, twelve, were understood to go deeper in implanting the message into those who knew the language.
Just as in the case of baptism being an integral part of the message. No, baptism does not save, however baptism is a factor in the Gospel truth.
Jesus himself was baptized!
And as the people saw when he arose from the waters the holy spirit of God descended as a dove upon him. And it was then that his ministry began. It was after this that Jesus began to perform his miracles. It was that sign the people witnessed that would reiterate to them Jesus' message, be baptized and receive the holy spirit, the helper, who will lead you into all truth.
The Rock is not the RCC. The Rock is Christ who is The Word that Saves.
Matthew 7:24-27
“Everyone then who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock. And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house, but it did not fall, because it had been founded on the rock. And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand. And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it fell, and great was the fall of it.”
Psalm 78:35
They remembered that God was their rock, the Most High God their redeemer.
Psalm 95:1
Oh come, let us sing to the Lord; let us make a joyful noise to the rock of our salvation!
1 Samuel 2:2
“There is none holy like the Lord; there is none besides you; there is no rock like our God.
I don't know what you're referring to there. Verse 22 of Matthew 16 does not say anything like that. Nor does chapter 22 of Matthew.
Jesus personally renamed Simon as "Rock"
In the first chapter of John’s gospel we read of Jesus’ first meeting with Peter. At that point Peter is called Simon. Jesus says to Peter (vs 42)
"So you are Simon the son of John? You shall be called Kephas" (which means Peter)
Renaming someone is always significant in the Bible. Kephas (sometimes transliterated as Cephas) is Aramaic for Rock (a big one).
Paul refers to Kephas in 8 places in both his first letter to the Corinthians and in his letter to the Galatians (e.g. 1Cor15:5, Gal 1:18, Gal 2:9).
By giving Peter the name Rock, a name that represents himself, Jesus was indicating that Peter was to be his representative before men.
In Mt 16:18 Jesus made Peter his representative before people, and he gives him authority represented by the keys in Mt 16:19, and the power to bind and loose, also in Mt 16:19.
The Pope, as the successor of Peter, is God’s representative before his people with his authority.