Not exactly, but they knew Jesus was the Son of God, and they were learning what that meant.
Gabriel spoke to Mary in Luke 1:
John 3:
Before Jesus resurrected Lazarus in John 11:
Jesus spoke to the antagonistic Jews in (NIV) John 10:
Jesus walked on water in Matt 14:
Did the disciples know that Jesus was God before his resurrection?
It was a divine mystery. Because of that, they were somewhat ambiguous about it. After the resurrection, however, they asserted that Jesus was God. It was a divine mystery, but they were no longer ambiguous about it.
Gabriel spoke to Mary in Luke 1:
After John baptized Jesus in Matthew 3:35b “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy—the Son of God
The disciples began to learn that Jesus was the special, unique Son of God. What does that mean?17 a voice from heaven said, “This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased.”
John 3:
They learned that the Son of God would save the world.17 For God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through Him. 18 Whoever believes in Him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.
Before Jesus resurrected Lazarus in John 11:
The Son of God shared the glory of God.4 But when Jesus heard it he said, “This illness does not lead to death. It is for the glory of God, so that the Son of God may be glorified through it.
Jesus spoke to the antagonistic Jews in (NIV) John 10:
These Jews thought Jesus claimed to be God. Jesus did not deny that.32 Jesus said to them, “I have shown you many good works from the Father. For which of these do you stone me?”
33“We are not stoning you for any good work,” they replied, “but for blasphemy, because you, a mere man, claim to be God.”
The Son of God was God. It was a divine mystery.34 Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your Law, ‘I have said you are “gods” ’ ? 35 If he called them ‘gods,’ to whom the word of God came—and Scripture cannot be set aside— 36 what about the one whom the Father set apart as his very own and sent into the world? Why then do you accuse me of blasphemy because I said, ‘I am God’s Son’? 37Do not believe me unless I do the works of my Father. 38 But if I do them, even though you do not believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me, and I in the Father.”
Jesus walked on water in Matt 14:
The disciples began to see that the Son of God was God. They did not say, "Truly you are God".32 And when they got into the boat, the wind ceased. 33 And those in the boat worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God.”
Did the disciples know that Jesus was God before his resurrection?
It was a divine mystery. Because of that, they were somewhat ambiguous about it. After the resurrection, however, they asserted that Jesus was God. It was a divine mystery, but they were no longer ambiguous about it.