Luther, Calvin and others. Why? Because although these men changed the world for God, and opposed Catholic Works-based doctrine, it was also well known that they had disdain for Jews
Luther had written a treatise that showed great favor toward Medieval Europe’s Jewish population. In That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew (1523), Luther extolled the Jewish people, the Torah, and the patriarchs and prophets, the heroes of Ancient Israel. Luther urged Europe’s princes to treat the Jews within their territories with kindness and forbearance. Luther understood that if he had been a Jew, and treated as badly as Christian Europe had treated the Jews, he would have “become a pig” before he’d convert to Christianity. The irony of using the non-kosher pig demonstrates Luther’s penchant for cutting irony—an irony that often cut both ways. In any case, in this treatise, Luther also wrote, “I hope that if one deals in a kindly way with the Jews and instructs them carefully from Holy Scripture, many of them will become genuine Christians and turn again to the faith of their fathers, the prophets, and patriarchs.” Here Luther demonstrated his belief at the time that (a) Christians had been guilty of mistreatment of the Jews, and (b) that given the return of the true Gospel (as taught by Luther), the Jews would eventually “come around.”
Twenty years later, Luther wrote a lengthy screed titled, Concerning the Jews and Their Lies (1543). Most of Concerning the Jews represents Luther’s attempt to contradict the teachings of the medieval rabbis and to show them from Scripture that Jesus is the Messiah. However, in the last section, he addressed what he thought should be the political response to perceived public blasphemies against Christ emanating from certain synagogues. “Set fire to their synagogues…and bury and cover with dirt whatever will not burn.” In addition, he recommended that Jewish books be confiscated, that Jews be forced from their homes, and that they be made to give up all commercial activities, and instead work the land as day laborers.
Luther’s proposed measures against the Jewish citizenry of German lands well exceeded anything that he had previously proposed in regard to other enemies. Even Luther’s own colleagues and supporters were dismayed by the vehemence of Luther’s writing Concerning the Jews.
And from John Calvin, these words:
“Their [the Jews] rotten and unbending stiffneckedness deserves that they be oppressed unendingly and without measure or end and that they die in their misery without the pity of anyone.”