You can start with
Limited Atonement.
Does that not teach that Christ did not die for everyone, but only for a select few?
If He did not die for you, then does that not mean that if you call on the name of the Lord, you will not be saved; because He didn't die for you?
Even if you have an answer for this, I would contend that a lot of confusion could be avoided by not teaching the source of the confusion in the first place.
My view of foreknowledge is the biblical one; that God chose us before the foundation of the world according to His foreknowledge of whether we would receive or reject Christ.
However, in Calvinism, it is by a predetermined choice of God; and foreknowledge of whether we receive or reject Christ has nothing to do with it.
One Calvinist proponent continually asserts that we do not have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand; but that rather we have access by grace into faith; that we are saved by faith through grace. This is the reverse order of what scripture teaches.
They also assert that a person cannot have faith in Jesus unless they are saved first.
This would indicate that calling on the name of the Lord is not what saved them, but rather they were saved first and then they called on the name of the Lord. But if salvation comes first, why even call on the name of the Lord for salvation? You're already saved; so there is no need to call on His name.
In my version of this (what I believe to be accurate according to Romans 10:10), calling on the name of the Lord is unto salvation; but righteousness must come first through faith. A person may have righteousness (believing that God rose Jesus from the dead) but not have salvation. For confession is made unto salvation (are you looking at the verses?).
I do believe that the same heat that melts the butter, also hardens the clay. If you remove from the analogy the concept of the fact that these are inanimate objects, and look to what the clay and butter represent, you can see that the clay might indeed choose to harden and the butter may indeed choose to melt. However the butter melts because it is butter and the clay hardens because it is clay.
So then, if I am butter, I will respond with faith (a softened heart) when I am faced with the gospel. Calling on the name of the Lord, and/or confessing with the mouth the Lord Jesus, is the only sure response of a saving faith. It becomes saving faith the moment the confession begins to be made, or the moment the person prays to receive Christ (John 1:12, Matthew 7:7-8); which is to call on His name.
Scriptures:
Rom 10:9, That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
Rom 10:10, For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
Jhn 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:
Mat 7:7, Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you:
Mat 7:8, For every one that asketh receiveth; and he that seeketh findeth; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened.