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@quietthinker.
Alright, gentlemen. Thank you very much to everyone who posted, and I will try to engage as many of you on your responses as I can. I'm certain it will still be up for debate, but let me post what I believe were the driving points and purposes behind what Stephen was saying:
Stephen gave this speech because he was dragged before the Sanhedrin to give a defense for why he was supposedly
speaking evil of the Jewish temple, and saying Jesus of Nazareth was going to come and supernaturally destroy it:
Then they produced men, saying, "We have heard him speaking blasphemous words against Moses and God." And they stirred up the people, and the elders and the scribes, and having come upon him they seized him and brought hm to the Sanhedrin. And they set up false witnesses, saying, "This man does not cease to speaking words against this holy place and the law. For we have heard him saying that this Jesus the Nazarene will destroy this place, and change the customs which Moses delivered unto us." And having looked intently upon him, those sitting in the Sanhedrin saw his face as the face of an angel. And the high priest said, "Are these things so?" And he said, "Men, brothers and fathers, listen..." (Acts 6:11-7:2)
These were false accusations and exaggerations of what Stephen likely taught. What the New Testament believers were now teaching was that the Jewish temple would be destroyed by the Romans (Matthew 24:1-2), and that the church had now become the true temple of God on earth (1 Corinthians 3:16, Ephesians 2:13-22). But because Stephen was preaching Jesus of Nazareth as the Messiah whom they had crucified, they were now bearing false witness against him to vilify him by suggesting he was somehow
in favor of the Jewish temple being destroyed.
To counter these accusations, Stephen began by tracing through the history of Abraham and his descendants to show how God had specifically chosen the land of Israel to be where His people would serve and worship Him (v.7). The tabernacle was the first makeshift temple built in the wilderness (v.44), but eventually King Solomon built a true temple for the Lord in Jerusalem (v.47). But Stephen then quoted Isaiah 66:1-2 to prove from the word of God that the Lord ultimately never desired to dwell in temples made by human hands but in the hearts of men, a teaching the Jewish leadership were still unwilling to hear. Stephen gives the driving point in v.48:
But the Most High does not dwell in temples made by hand. As the prophet says, "Heaven is a throne for Me, and the earth is a footstool for My feet. What house will you build me?" says the Lord, "or what place for My rest? Has not My hand made all these things?" Oh stiff-necked and uncircumcised in hearts and ears, you always contradict the Holy Spirit. As your fathers did, so do you as well. Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute? And they killed those who proclaimed in advance the coming of the Righteous One, whom you became the betrayers and murderers of, who received the law by the ordinations of angels yet did not keep it. (Acts 7:48-53)
By calling them "stiff-necked and uncircumcised of hearts and ears," Stephen was telling the Jewish leadership they were still carnally-minded, and thus resisting what the Holy Spirit was now teaching through the church. And because they also had not received the baptism in the Holy Spirit, they were unable to keep the law just like their forefathers had not been able to.
Does this ring true with anyone? Yes or no?