What Peter taught in 2 Peter 3:10-12 lines up with what Jesus taught in Matthew 24:35-39 where He said that heaven and earth will pass away unexpectedly with no one knowing the day or hour that will occur while proceeding to point out that all unbelievers were killed by the flood in Noah's day and then saying "so also will the coming of the Son of Man be". So, 2 Peter 3:10-12 lines up perfectly with Matthew 24:35-39 with both describing Jesus coming unexpectedly while bringing destruction upon the heavens and the earth, causing them to "pass away" in favor of the new heavens and new earth that Peter said we are looking for in fulfillment of the promise of Christ's second coming (2 Peter 3:13). With that being the case, it's no wonder that Paul said unbelievers "shall not escape" the "sudden destruction" that will occur on the day Christ comes as a thief in the night. They can't escape fire coming down upon the entire earth.
That coming destruction isn't a direct attack from God upon the earth. Let me explain.
It is because of this...
“And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live. ”
Exodus 33:20 KJV
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Unless of course there is a dramatic change in the person beholding the face of God, hence...
“3 And there shall be no more curse: but the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it; and his servants shall serve him: 4 And they shall see his face; and his name shall be in their foreheads. ”
Revelation 22:3-4 KJV
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Otherwise, at the second coming, we have this...
“16 And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb: 17 For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand? ”
Revelation 6:16-17 KJV
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There is something inherent in man's nature that when beholding the true beauty, innocence, holiness and glory of God's love, it scrambles the mind and they are destroyed mentally and spiritually. They implode from guilt, and the sudden burden and realisation of all the sin and evil they have committed throughout their lives. I can't remember them right now, but there are scriptures that describe this explicitly. The brain or mind implosion. There are limited examples of this in. OT history, albeit seasoned by grace.
“Then said I, Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, (even obscured by smoke) the LORD of hosts. ”
Isaiah 6:5 KJV
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“5 Then I lifted up mine eyes, and looked, and behold a certain man clothed in linen, whose loins were girded with fine gold of Uphaz: 6 His body also was like the beryl, and his face as the appearance of lightning, and his eyes as lamps of fire, and his arms and his feet like in colour to polished brass, and the voice of his words like the voice of a multitude. 7 And I Daniel alone saw the vision: for the men that were with me saw not the vision; but a great quaking fell upon them, so that they fled to hide themselves. 8 Therefore I was left alone, and saw this great vision, and there remained no strength in me: for my comeliness was turned in me into corruption, and I retained no strength. ”
Daniel 10:5-8 KJV
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“The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites. Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings? ”
Isaiah 33:14 KJV
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“9 I beheld till the thrones were cast down, and the Ancient of days did sit, whose garment was white as snow, and the hair of his head like the pure wool: his throne was like the fiery flame, and his wheels as burning fire. 10 A fiery stream issued and came forth from before him: thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened. ”
Daniel 7:9-10 KJV
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There are nuances to the destruction of people at the second coming that aren't apparent at first perusal of end time prophecy.
Yet at the end of the 1000 years, those destroyed by the glory and appearing of Jesus at His second coming are resurrected, and exposed as rebels by their reaction to the presence of the holy city and the conclusion they draw in rightly thinking their only chance of survival of to surround it and attack, and give Satan the throne. That, when there is absolutely no further doubt as to their guilt and satanic mindset, brings God to that point of decision making where there is left to Him no choice. It's God's act, His strange act, that is outside everything He hoped for and stood for, that He is finally compelled to bring fire down from heaven and destroy not only the sinners outside the gates, but everything on the planet they are irrevocably attached to that they refused to give up.
“9 And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and compassed the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city: and fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured them. 10 And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever. 11 And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them. ”
Revelation 20:9-11 KJV
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And there was found no place for them. They are left to bear the burden of their rebellion alone, defenceless, and naked.
When the whole earth is thus cleansed, to its original state prior to creation, without form and void, then it is prepared to be recreated, and the meek shall inherit it.