Pavel Mosko
Active Member
Interesting to see this. I have in fact criticized universalism on similar kind of grounds and blogged and threaded about it before.Here are the questions:
1. “How should we interpret Jesus’s words regarding ‘hell’ or ‘Gehenna,’ ‘the outer darkness,’ ‘the fire that is not quenched,’ ‘the worm that does not die,’ and the like?”
2. “If hell is a temporary state but heaven is a forever state, then why are both denoted by the same word as ‘eternal’?”
3. “What about the ‘two ways’ theme in the Old and New Testaments?”
4. “Why did Jesus need to die such a horrible, agonizing death on the cross for our sins?”
5. “How should we interpret the end-times teaching of Revelation?”
6. “Doesn’t the New Testament show that salvation is connected to faith?”
7. “What’s the historic teaching on final salvation in the major branches of Christendom?”
8. “What would happen if Christian congregations or denominations embraced universalism?”
9. “What’s the final destiny of Satan and demons?”
10. “Can sinful people make atonement or satisfaction for their own sins through their own sufferings?
11. “Is it plausible to believe there will be a ‘second chance’ for salvation after death?”
12. “Is universalism compatible with the Christian mandate to preach the gospel, practice self-denial, and suffer for Christ and the gospel?”
I will probably respond to these questions myself. (shoot from the hip)
But there are comprehensive answers at this link.
Answering Twelve Challenges to Universalism
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Old posts I could dug up on Facebook
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I am starting a posting series of why I don't believe in Universal Reconciliation (That everybody will get saved eventually). For most Christians this is a no-brainer, yet there exists a certain faction of alternative theology people that live on the internet and in real life that just don't want to believe that Hell etc. might be eternal.....
1) The use of dross and chaff in the Bible. IF UR is correct, don't you think God would have communicated that to us? We think of recycling as a modern environmental thing but it's not, the ancients were even more into recycling than we are since production of materials in pre-industrial times was much more difficult. In Ancient times, rather than throwing out something of potential value it was more common to refurbish it, or at the very least try to recycle the material for another use. The question is if God intends to this for everybody in the afterlife, then why does God use terms like dross and chaff to describe the wicked in the Bible (things that were purely waste products and never recycled). Why wouldn't God use another metaphor like they are instruments or materials that are dull, or dirty, maybe a little rusty or moldy (But still salvageable)?"
Point 2) On why I don't believe in Universal Reconciliation (Some people believe that everybody will be eventually saved, or that Hell is not eternal etc.)
If Jesus really wanted to teach us this teaching he could have done a better job constructing some of his parables; because any of his teachings gives the impression finality in the Afterlife etc. When I've talked and debated to people about this in the past they often speak in terms of hyperbole, figures of speech etc. As the Son of Man aka the perfect human, Jesus was a teacher without comparison, (To say nothing of his Divine attributes as the Son of God). As a person, who is far less capable I can actually write a parable that can illustrate a Universal Reconciliation type scenario. In the parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins linked below, I would rewrite the parable where the foolish virgins are locked out for only the first day or two of the feast. They are bummed out for missing all the opening events and merriment but eventually when they enter the feast they forget all their unhappiness. So my question for those that belief this teaching is why was Christ the Greatest of all teachers not able to do this (if this teaching is indeed correct)?
Point 3) (Some Trick / Socratic Question for Universal Reconciliation believers)? If everything any anybody will be saved does that apply to Satan? If this is true why has this not already happened? (Satan has had many opportunities to repent). If this hasn't happened now, what is different about the after life that will necessitate a move of repentance? If Lucifer has not become repentant over time but, actually seems more entrenched in his position, don't you think the same is true of other sinners? There's actually a lot of interesting Church history and theology around this line of questioning that is worth a discussion!
Point 4) on why I don't believe in Universal Reconciliation, 2 Potential Theological conundrums raised by it and a few side notes.
1) As much as it can be construed as an Act of Mercy, UR can actually be seen as an act of coercion (God is leaning on the person to make him or her say "uncle", so he/she will eventually do what he wants rather than eventually accepting their chose after he has wooed them for years on the Earth).
2) IF UR is true then that logically might mean that the eternal security of the the Church Triumphant might also be in jeopardy! (Now I don't believe that, but if UR is true on the hell side, then that might actually lead to that unfortunate drawback on the other.) Revelation 21:4 New International Version
He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be no more death' or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away."
3) I am also going to add a bullet point for those UR folks that like quoting the Church Fathers etc. I love the Fathers but some of them were very into Platonism. Platonism is great for many things (understanding a God that transcends His creation, is outside time etc.), but just as many modern Protestants I believe are deeply affected by their cultural philosophical heritage that affects their interpretation of the Bible, we likewise need to be realize that the same also applies to some of the Church Fathers.... (Certain quotes tend to reflect a Platonic interpretation of the Bible etc,)
4) Certain other Fathers, like Saint Isaac the Syrian, reflect a hope for the Salvation of humankind. This is very Christian attitude (of how we should orientate our lives) and something that we all should long for, pray for etc. It is not a dogmatic thing (something that is proclaimed that must happen as a official teaching), but a expression of love that we as Christians should have for the Lost.
Point 5) Why I don’t believe in Universal Reconciliation, Universal Reconciliation. Probably going to stop here (to not beat a dead horse). Besides some of the areas covered this forum discusses some other points of terminology I didn’t cover.
http://www.city-data.com/.../1238577-properly...
UR depicts God as being a God that is inarticulate, inept or even secretive or deceptive at communicating his thoughts to humanity when it comes to the afterlife because most of the terminology, idioms, and implied messages about the after life from Jesus, the apostles and rest of the Bible depicts. This is a God who is very different than the one the prophets and the apostles knew and preached!
Matthew 5:37New International Version (NIV)
37 All you need to say is simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything beyond this comes from the evil one.
1 Corinthians 14:33King James Version (KJV)
33 For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints.
Romans 10:20
And Isaiah boldly says, "I was found by those who did not seek me; I revealed myself to those who did not ask for me."
Amos 3:7
New International Version
Surely the Sovereign LORD does nothing without revealing his plan to his servants the prophets.
1 Corinthians 14:8
New International Version
Again, if the trumpet does not sound a clear call, who will get ready for battle?
Isaiah 45:19
New International Version
I have not spoken in secret, from somewhere in a land of darkness; I have not said to Jacob's descendants, 'Seek me in vain.' I, the LORD, speak the truth; I declare what is right.

