The four canonical gospels were probably written between AD 66 and 110.
[9][10][11] All four were anonymous (the modern names were added in the 2nd century), almost certainly none were by eyewitnesses, and all are the end-products of long oral and written transmission.
[12] Mark was the first to be written, using a variety of sources;
[13][14] the authors of Matthew and Luke, acting independently, used Mark for their narrative of Jesus's career, supplementing it with the collection of sayings called the
Q document and additional material unique to each;
[15] and there is a near-consensus that John had its origins as a "signs" source (or gospel) that circulated within a
Johannine community.
[16] The contradictions and discrepancies between the first three and John make it impossible to accept both traditions as equally reliable.
[17] Modern scholars are cautious of relying on the gospels uncritically, but nevertheless they do provide a good idea of the public career of Jesus, and critical study can attempt to distinguish the original ideas of Jesus from those of the later authors.
[18][19]