You want the distinction between the church and tribulation saints stated in one verse? It doesn't work like that, you need to understand the broader context of scripture altogether.
1 Thess 4:17 Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord.
That is the church.
Rev 20 I saw thrones on which were seated those who had been given authority to judge. And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of their testimony about Jesus and because of the word of God. They[
a] had not worshiped the beast or its image and had not received its mark on their foreheads or their hands. They came to life and reigned with Christ a thousand years.
That is the tribulation saints.
I agree, we do need to understand the whole context, but you've taken this verse out of context. When this passage is read in context, we find Paul giving us assurance that those who have already died in Christ are not lost. Paul says they will come back with Christ from heaven, because that is where they are since Christ came and saved them from death. Christ took them to heaven with Him when He ascended to the Father in heaven.
Ephesians 4:8-10 (KJV) Wherefore he saith,
When he ascended up on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men. (Now that he ascended, what is it but that he also descended first into the lower parts of the earth? He that descended is the same also that ascended up far above all heavens, that he might fill all things.)
The spirit (soul) of these dead saints are presently in heaven while their physical bodies after death are in the grave. Paul continues to give us assurance regarding the physically dead saints, telling us that their dead bodies shall be resurrected FIRST. That means they will be resurrected before those still alive when Christ comes again. It is only "the dead bodies" that must be resurrected to life again, because the living saints don't need to be resurrected, they have not physically died. However the living shall be caught up (not resurrected) and changed WITH those who have died, and ALL shall be made immortal and incorruptible TOGETHER, at the same time to meet the Lord in the air. They will remain there until the wrath of God by fire has burned up this earth and everything left alive on it.
We don't have hope fixed on this earth, we look for the new heavens and a new earth where righteousness only shall dwell.
2 Peter 3:12-13 (KJV) Looking for and hasting unto
the coming of the day of God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat? Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness.
This understanding finds confirmation in Rev 20, where John writes of martyred saints (spirit souls) in heaven after physical death. They are in heaven because in life, or during this time symbolized a thousand years they were faithful unto death having while physically alive lived and reigned with Christ. This is not time that shall come for them. This is time that is already past for them.
Revelation 20:4 (KJV) And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and
I saw the
souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.
Yes, these are tribulation saints, having remained faithful unto death proves that in life (time, a thousand years) they suffered "great tribulation", so that in death they ascended to heaven spiritually alive or as John writes "souls of them.....". To be called a "soul" means to have life. On earth physical life, and in heaven spiritual life = a living soul.